重大突发公共卫生事件社会脆弱性评价及障碍因素分析

Social Vulnerability Assessment and Obstacle Factors Analysis of Major Public Health Emergencies

文章构建了重大突发公共卫生事件社会脆弱性评价指标体系,利用自然断点法将脆弱性按照由低到高分为Ⅰ—Ⅳ四个等级,以湖南省为例运用区间数—集对分析法、熵权法对湖南14个市州的社会脆弱性等级进行了评价,并采用障碍度模型分析了湖南省社会脆弱性的主要障碍因素。研究表明:长沙市和湘西自治州的社会脆弱性等级为Ⅰ级,株洲、湘潭、岳阳、常德、永州评价等级为Ⅱ级,社会脆弱性评价等级为Ⅲ级的是衡阳、邵阳、益阳、郴州、怀化和娄底,张家界的社会脆弱性最高,为Ⅳ级。不同市州社会脆弱性的主要来源以及降低脆弱性的有利因素因各地区人口、经济、卫生资源和政府防控等不同维度的发展差异而不尽相同。就湖南整体而言,人口、经济、卫生体系和政府防控各维度指标均对社会脆弱性存在影响,其中人口和经济因素的影响更大。

The social vulnerability evaluation index system of major public health emergencies was constructed,and the vulnerability was divided into four grades from low to high by the natural break point method.The social vulnerability level of 14 cities and prefectures in Hunan Province was evaluated by the interval number-set pair analysis method and entropy weight method.The obstacle degree model is used to analyze the main obstacle factors of social vulnerability in Hunan Province.The results showed that:(1)the social vulnerability of Changsha and Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture was levelⅠ,Zhuzhou,Xiangtan,Yueyang,Changde and Yongzhou was levelⅡ,Hengyang,Shaoyang,Yiyang,Chenzhou,Huaihua and Loudi was levelⅢ,and Zhangjiajie was relatively the highest(levelⅣ).(2)The main sources of social vulnerability and the favorable factors for reducing vulnerability in different cities and states are different due to the development differences in different dimensions of population,economy,health resources and government prevention and control.(3)In Hunan province as a whole,population,economy,health system and government prevention and control all had an impact on social vulnerability,and population and economic factors had a greater impact.