豫中烟叶质量评价及其与感官质量的关系研究

Evaluation of Tobacco Leaf Quality in Central Henan and Its Relationship with Sensory Quality

为系统评价豫中烟叶质量,明确影响豫中烟叶感官质量的主要因素,对豫中8个植烟县的265份代表性烤烟烟叶样品质量指标进行了分析。结果表明,豫中烟叶整体外观质量较好,颜色多为橘黄,成熟度成熟至完熟,叶片结构尚疏松至疏松,身份中等至稍厚,油分稍有至多。烟叶厚薄适中至较厚,弹性较好,含梗率偏高、叶质较重。烟叶化学成分较为协调,糖、氮、碱等指标均处于优质烟合理区间,钾含量略低,氯含量稍高,糖碱比较为合理。烟叶风格彰显程度较强,烟叶香气质、香气量、浓度、劲头和余味等方面均有较好表现,但烟叶燃烧性稍差,杂气稍有。烟叶主要理化指标中的成熟度、油分、单叶重、叶片厚度、叶质重、烟碱、还原糖是影响豫中烟叶感官质量的主要因素,在一定范围内通过提升烟叶油分和成熟度、平衡烟碱和还原糖含量,适当降低烟叶单叶重、叶片厚度和叶质重,能显著提升豫中烟叶感官质量,彰显烟叶香型风格。

In order to systematically evaluate the quality of tobacco leaves in central Henan and identify the main factors affecting the sensory quality of tobacco leaves in central Henan,the quality indicators of 265 representative flue-cured tobacco leaf samples from 8 tobacco-growing counties in central Henan were analyzed.The results showed that the overall appearance quality of tobacco leaves in central Henan was good,the color was mostly orange,the maturity was mature to perfect,the leaf structure was still loose to loose,the identity was medium to slightly thick,and the oil content was slightly at most.Tobacco leaves have moderate to thick thickness,good elasticity,high stem content and heavier leaf quality.The chemical composition of tobacco leaves is relatively coordinated.Sugar,nitrogen,alkali and other indicators are all within a reasonable range of high-quality tobacco.The potassium content is slightly lower,the chlorine content is slightly higher,and the sugar and alkali are relatively reasonable.The style of tobacco leaves is strong,and the aroma,aroma,concentration,energy and aftertaste of tobacco leaves have good performance,but the flammability of tobacco leaves is slightly worse,and the miscellaneous gas is slightly lower.Maturity,oil content,single leaf weight,leaf thickness,leaf weight,nicotine,and reducing sugar among the main physical and chemical indicators of tobacco leaves are the main factors affecting the sensory quality of tobacco leaves in central Henan.Improving the oil content and maturity of tobacco leaves within a certain range,balancing the content of nicotine and reducing sugar,and appropriately reducing the single leaf weight,leaf thickness and leaf weight of tobacco leaves can significantly improve the sensory quality of tobacco leaves in central Henan and highlight the flavor style of tobacco leaves.