鹤岗市红松林病虫害的调查与防治建议

Investigation and Control Suggestions on Pests and Diseases of Pinus koraiensis Forest in Hegang

于2021─2022年采用全面普查和定点调查方式调查了鹤岗市红松人工林4个林分中主要病虫害的发生为害情况。结果表明:红松球蚜主要为害红松的枝梢,对纯幼苗林的为害率最高(32.4%),其次是纯幼树林(为害率21.2%);松六齿小蠹主要为害枫桦红松林(40.2%)和椴树红松林(34.8%)的粗大枝条和树干;松梢螟对4个林分的为害率均较低,主要为害新生枝梢和球果;疱锈病主要为害纯幼苗林(发病率35.8%)和纯幼树林(24.2%)的枝干皮部;根朽病在4个林分中病情指数与发病率均较低,主要为害树干基部;落针病主要为害纯幼树林(17.8%)和椴树红松林(11.2%)的针叶。另外,论述了6种主要病虫害的发生规律,并提出了防治建议。

From 2021 to 2022,the prevalence of diseases and insect pests in four stands of Pinus koraiensis plantation in Hegang City was investigated by general survey and fixed point survey.The results showed that shoot was the main damaged site of P.rubium,and the damaged rate of pure seedling forest was the highest(32.4%),followed by pure sapling forest(21.2%).C.pinus mainly affected the thick branches and trunks of maple birch and red pine forests(40.2%)and basswood red pine forests(34.8%).The damage rate of pine shoot borer was relatively low in all the four stands,and pine shoot borer mainly affected new shoot and cone.Blister rust mainly affected the trunk and bark of pure seedling forest(35.8%)and pure sapling forest(24.2%).The disease index and prevalence rate of root rot were low in the four stands,mainly affecting the base of the trunk.The needle-falling disease mainly affected pure sapling forest(17.8%)and linden red pine forest(11.2%).In addition,the prevalence of 6 main diseases and insect pests was discussed,and the prevention and control suggestions were put forward.