基于消费者支付意愿视角的农场动物福利标准政策选择分析

Analysis of Standard Policy Choices for Farm Animal Welfare Based on Consumers'Willingness to Pay

农场动物福利在全球受到不同程度的关注。本文基于经济学视角,从理论层面分析了不同动物福利标准政策对社会福利的影响,在此基础上,以猪肉为标的,采用选择实验方法,实证测度了长三角地区消费者对农场动物福利支付意愿,进而分析当前中国动物福利标准政策的选择。研究表明:消费者对农场动物福利属性存在显著偏好且具有正向的支付意愿,对不同属性的溢价率在30%~60%,中国有必要重视并制定动物福利标准;消费者对动物福利的支付意愿更大程度上来自动物福利的食品质量改善效应,属动物福利的私人物品属性范畴,可采用自愿性标准满足消费者对动物福利的诉求;消费者目前对动物福利的自愿性标准支持程度更高。现阶段中国应制定并完善动物福利标准体系,为动物福利自愿标准进入市场提供条件。此外,面对消费者对动物福利的日益关注,也应重视对动物福利进行规制的问题。

Farm animal welfare receives varying degrees of attention around the world.Based on economics perspective,this paper analyzes the different animal welfare standard policy impact on social welfare.With pork as the subject matter,this paper empirically measures the consumers’willingness to pay for farm animal welfare in the Yangtze River Delta region,and then analyzes the choice of farm animal welfare standard policy.Results shows that consumers have a significant preference for farm animal welfare attributes and have a positive willingness to pay,with premium rates of different attributes ranging from 30%-60%.It is necessary for China to pay attention to and develop animal welfare standards.Consumers'willingness to pay for animal welfare comes from the private goods attributes of animal welfare to a greater extent.Voluntary standards can be adopted to meet consumers'demands for animal welfare.Consumers are currently more supportive of voluntary standards for animal welfare.At present,China should formulate and improve the animal welfare standard system,and provide the conditions for the voluntary standard of animal welfare to enter the market.In addition,in the face of consumers'increasing concern about animal welfare,we should also pay attention to the regulation of animal welfare.