夏热冬冷地区空间形态对板式住区建筑能耗影响研究——以武汉市为例

Influence of Spatial Morphology on Building Energy of Slab Residential Blocks in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone:A Case Study of Wuhan,China

住区建筑群能耗不仅受到建筑单体影响,亦与街区空间形态密切相关。为研究空间形态与建筑能耗之间影响机理与居住区节能低碳设计策略,以武汉市为例,选取多层板式住区、二类高层板式住区与一类高层板式住区各14个案例为研究对象,采用Rhino与Grasshopper软件平台进行住区三维模型建模与能耗模拟,并通过相关性分析与多元线性回归方程方法分析住区空间形态参数与建筑能耗之间的影响机理。结果表明:住区制冷与采暖分项能耗以及建筑总能耗与住区空间形态密切相关。体形系数与建筑高宽比对建筑群能耗影响显著,且体形系数对建筑能耗的影响程度是建筑高宽比的2.32倍。研究结果可为低能耗住区规划与节能设计提供数据支撑与理论依据。

The energy consumption of building groups is affected by both individual and group morphology.In order to research influence mechanism of spatial technology on building consumption and the design strategy of energy-saving and low-carbon residential area,by taking Wuhan as an example,fourteen cases of slab residential block of Multi-storey,Type II high-rise,Type I high-rise were selected as the research objects.The 3D models of residential block were formed and energy consumption of each block was simulated by utilizing Rhino&Grasshopper.Aiming at figuring out the relative impact of spatial technology on building energy consumption,the research processed the simulation data through Correlation analysis and multiple linear regression equation.Results show that residential cooling and heating energy consumption and total building energy consumption were closely related to residential space form.Shape coefficient and building aspect ratio had significant impact on building energy consumption,and the influence degree of shape coefficient on building energy consumption is 2.32 times of building aspect ratio.Data support and theoretical basis were provided by research results for the planning and energy-saving design of low-energy residential areas.