2020—2022年延安市体检人群血脂水平调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Blood Lipid Levels among Physical Examination Population in Yan’an from 2020 to 2022

目的了解近3年延安市体检人群的血脂水平、血脂异常检出率及其分布特征,为延安市血脂异常疾病的预防提供科学的依据。方法采取抽样调查的方法选取延安地区2020年1月—2022年12月的体检人群血脂检测值作为研究对象,共20150例。采用酶法测定TG、CHO总胆固醇(CHO)、三酰甘油(TG),采用直接法测定低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。结果本次体检人群中,男性10852例,女性9298例,年龄20~80岁。男女年龄差异具有统计学意义(t=-9.851,P<0.05)。TG平均水平(1.69±1.03)mmol·L^(-1)、CHO平均水平(4.55±0.84)mmol·L^(-1),HDL-C平均水平(1.53±0.25)mmol·L^(-1),LDL-C平均水平(2.94±0.77)mmol·L^(-1),血脂异常检出率57.75%。同一年龄段不同性别间比较,TG水平,20~、30~、40~、50~岁年龄组男性高于女性,60~、70~80岁年龄组男性低于女性(P均<0.05);CHO、LDL-C水平,20~、30~、40~岁年龄组男性均高于女性,50~、60~、70~80年龄组男性均低于女性(P均<0.05);TG异常检出率比较,20~、30~、40~、50~岁年龄组男性高于女性,60~、70~80岁年龄组男性低于女性(P均<0.05);CHO、LDL-C异常检出率比较,20~、30~、40~岁年龄组男性均高于女性,50~、60~、70~80年龄组男性均低于女性(P均<0.05);男性各年龄组HDL-C异常检出率低于女性(P均<0.05)。结论延安市健康体检人群血脂水平呈逐年上升趋势,应加强控制男性和绝经后女性人群的血脂异常相关危险因素。

Objective To understand the level of blood lipid,the detection rate of abnormal blood lipid and the distribution characteristics of blood lipid among the population of Health check-up in Yan’an in recent three years,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention of abnormal blood lipid diseases in Yan’an.Methods A sampling survey was conducted to select the blood lipid test values of the physical examination population in Yan'an area from January 2020 to December 2022 as the research subjects,with a total of 20150 cases.Total cholesterol(CHO),and triglycerides(TG)were measured by enzymatic methods,while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were measured by direct methods.Results Among the population undergoing this physical examination,there were 10852 males and 9298 females,aged 20-80 years old.The age difference between men and women was statistically significant(t=-9.851,P<0.05).The average level of TG(1.69±1.03)mmol·L^(-1),CHO(4.55±0.84)mmol·L^(-1),HDL-C(1.53±0.25)mmol·L^(-1),LDL-C(2.94±0.77)mmol·L^(-1),and the detection rate of lipid abnormalities was 57.75%.Compared with different genders in the same age group,TG levels were higher in males aged 20-,30-,40-,and 50-,and lower in males aged 60-,70-and 80 than in females(P all<0.05).The levels of CHO and LDL-C in males aged 20-,30-,and 40-were higher than those in females,while those in males aged 50-,60-,and 70-80 were lower than those in females(P all<0.05).The detection rate of TG abnormalities in males aged 20-,30-,40-,and 50-was higher than that in females,while males aged 60-,70-80 were lower than females(P all<0.05).Comparison of abnormal detection rates of CHO and LDL-C showed that males aged 20-,30-,and 40-were higher than females,while males aged 50-,60-,and 70-80 were lower than females(P all<0.05).The detection rate of HDL-C abnormalities in male age groups was lower than that in females(P all<0.05).Conclusion The blood lipid levels of the health examination population in Yan’an are showing an increasing trend year by year,and it is necessary to strengthen the control of risk factors related to abnormal blood lipids in both male and postmenopausal female populations.