宁夏某市548例老年人健康素养与健康相关生存质量调查及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Relationships between 548 Senior Patients in a City of Ningxia’s Health Literacy and Health-related Quality of Life

目的了解宁夏某市548例老年人健康素养水平与健康相关生存质量的相关性及其影响因素,为开展有针对性的健康教育干预工作提供参考依据。方法随机抽取宁夏某市6个街道10个社区548人作为调查对象进行问卷调查。问卷包括个人基本信息、健康素养(选取《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》部分题目)以及健康相关生存质量(EQ-5D-5L)3个部分。结果调查对象的健康素养具备率为9.12%;单因素分析显示不同年龄、户口类型、家庭经济情况、婚姻状况、与家人的关系、居住情况、文化程度、子女数量以及是否经常感觉到孤独的老年人健康素养水平差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);不同年龄、户口类型、家庭经济情况、婚姻状况、居住情况、文化程度、是否经常感觉到孤独以及是否主动诉说烦恼的老年人健康相关生存质量差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、家庭经济情况、文化程度、记忆力是否不如从前、子女数量是老年人健康素养水平的影响因素(P均<0.05);年龄、户口类型、家庭经济情况、与家人的关系、记忆力是否不如从前、是否主动诉说烦恼是老年人健康相关生存质量的影响因素(P均<0.05)。老年人的健康素养水平与健康相关生存质量呈正相关(r=0.507,P<0.05)。结论老年人健康素养水平与其健康相关生存质量存在相关性,提升老年人健康素养有利于其健康相关生存质量的提高,需重点关注年龄、文化程度、经济情况等影响因素。

Objective To comprehend the relationship between the level of health literacy and the health-related quality of life of 548 senior people in a city of Ningxia,as well as the factors that influence it,and to serve as a guide for carrying out targeted health education intervention activity.Methods A total of 548 participants from 6 streets and 10 community in Ningxia were chosen at random as survey objects for a questionnaire survey.The questionnaire was divided into three sections:basic personal information,health literacy(as determined by the National Residents Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire),and health-related quality of life(EQ-5D-5L).Results The rate of health literacy was 9.12%;univariate analysis revealed significant differences in the health literacy level of the elderly across age,household registration type,family economic status,marital status,relationship with family members,living conditions,education level,number of children,and whether they frequently felt lonely(P all<0.05).There were significant differences in health-related quality of life across age,household registration type,family economic status,marital status,residency status,education level,if they frequently felt lonely,and whether they actively complained about their problems(P all<0.05).Age,family economic position,education level,memory,and number of children entered the equation and were factors affecting the health literacy level of the elderly(P all<0.05),according to the results of the multi-factor analysis.Age,household registration type,family economic condition,relationship with family members,memory,and whether to communicate about their problems were all factors affecting the elderly’s health-related quality of life(P all<0.05).The elderly’s degree of health literacy was found to be favorably associated to their health-related quality of life(r=0.507,P<0.05).Conclusion The health-related quality of life and older population health literacy levels are correlated.The quality of life for older people in terms of their health can be improved by raising their level of health literacy.Age,educational attainment,and financial condition are important influencing factors that must be taken into consideration.