碲处理控制钢中硫化锰夹杂物综述

Review of Te treatment to control MnS inclusions in steel

随着钢铁工业向高速化、精密化方向发展,通常在钢中加入硫元素以提高钢的可加工性。钢中硫化锰夹杂物的形貌及分布对钢材性能有重要影响,硫化锰夹杂物控制的目标是避免大尺寸硫化锰的产生,得到尽可能细小、均匀分布的纺锤状硫化锰。易切削钢通过添加适当的硫元素并控制硫化锰夹杂物的大小和形态,在保证强度和韧性的基础上,可以获得优良的可加工性。碲的加入可以调节钢中硫化物的尺寸和形貌,在凝固过程中硫化锰夹杂物被改性为碲化锰与硫化锰的复合夹杂物,这类夹杂物通常为球形或近球形,降低了大尺寸枝晶型硫化锰所占比例,改善钢的力学性能和切削性能。当钢中碲硫质量比高于0.2时,钢中硫化物的长径比会显著降低,钢的可加工性和切削性能会得到提高。总结和阐述了碲处理对钢中硫化锰夹杂物的改性机理以及碲对钢材切削性能的影响规律和机理,可为碲在钢铁工业应用中的进一步研究和开发提供参考。

With the development of steel industry towards high speed and precision,sulfur is usually added to steel to improve its workability.The morphology and distribution of manganese sulfide inclusions in steel have an important influence on steel properties.The goal of manganese sulfide inclusions control is to avoid the generation of large size manganese sulfide and to obtain spindle-shaped manganese sulfide as small and uniform distribution as possible.By adding appropriate sulfur elements and controlling the size and morphology of manganese sulfide inclusions,the freecutting steel can obtain excellent workability while maintaining strength and toughness.The addition of tellurium can adjust the size and morphology of sulfide in steel,and the MnS inclusions are modified to MnTe-MnS inclusions during solidification,which are usually spherical or nearly spherical,reduces the proportion of large-sized dendritic manganese sulfide and improves the mechanical properties and cutting performance of steel.When the tellurium-sulfur mass ratio in steel is higher than 0.2,the aspect ratio of sulfide in steel will be significantly reduced,and the workability and cutting properties of steel will be improved.The mechanism of Te treatment on the modification of manganese sulfide inclusions in steel and the law and mechanism of tellurium influence on cutting properties of steel are summarized and elaborated,so as to provide reference for further research and development of Te application in steel industry.