TMAO与“肾-肠轴”的关系研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between TMAO and“renal-intestinal axis”

氧化三甲胺(TMAO)是由肠道菌群对膳食化合物胆碱、肉碱与甜菜碱进行转化而来。随着现代人生活水平的提高,高脂饮食增加了TMAO的产生,肠道菌群作为一个桥梁,经其代谢产生的TMAO能对人体产生有害影响。本综述主要集中在肠道菌群在TMAO产生过程中所发挥的作用、TMAO对肠道菌群的影响、肠道菌群通过TMAO影响肾脏和肠道在“肾-肠轴”中的作用,以及从“肾-肠轴”出发探讨TMAO与肾肠和腹泻之间的关系,对揭示TMAO通过炎症机制以及氧化应激过程影响相关疾病的发生发展有着重大意义。

Trimethylamine-N-oxide(TMAO)is produced through the conversion of the dietary compound choline,carnitine and betaine by intestinal microbiota.With the improvement of people’s living standard,high-fat diet has increased the production of TMAO.Acting as a bridge,intestinal microbiota participates in metabolism,through which TMAO is produced and exerts harmful effect on human body.This review mainly focuses on the role of intestinal microbiota in the production of TMAO,the impact of TMAO on intestinal microbiota,as well as the effect of intestinal microbiota on the role of kidney and intestine in the“renal-intestinal axis”through TMAO.It explores the relationship between TMAO and kidney/intestine and diarrhea from the perspective of the“renal-intestinal axis”,and is of great significance to reveal the impact of TMAO on the occurrence and development of related diseases through inflammatory mechanisms and oxidative stress processes.