旅日中国新移民创业特点——以高端人才创业为例

Chinese Newcomers'Entrepreneurship in Japan

2010年以后,日本相继出台了外国高端人才吸纳政策,越来越多的中国人才选择前往日本留学与就业。旅日中国人才在中日两国创业浪潮的鼓励之下,迸发出了极大的创业热情。日本的移民研究领域中,从族群企业视角分析外国人创业特点的研究颇有累积。但是,较少有学者采用移动性分析框架,洞察中国新移民创业过程中呈现的空间移动和社会移动等特点。本文从微观层面出发,基于访谈结果,围绕创业者个体形成的跨国网络与移动可能性,分析了旅日中国新移民创业呈现出的有效利用阶层资源、精准定位、向知识型产业转型等特点,并阐明其如何通过创业提高自身和群体的移动性。

Since Japan has introduced a series of immigration policies attracting global talents,who are seen as"highly skilled professional foreigners"in Japan,Chinese newcomers with higher education and more human capital prefer to settle down in Japan by starting a business.This paper aims to analyze Chinese Newcomers'entrepreneurship in Japan from the perspective of transnational network and mobility.The research is conducted on the basis of semi-structured interviews with six highly qualified informants who set up their businesses in Japan.Different from ethnic business,Chinese newcomers'entrepreneurship shows characteristics such as effective use of social class resources,precise positioning,transformation towards a knowledge-based industry,and improvement of their own and group mobility.