铁道车辆抗侧滚扭杆的抗侧滚刚度改进计算方法研究及验证

Research and Verification of an Antiroll Stiffness Optimal Calculation Method for Railway Vehicle Antiroll Torsion Bar

抗侧滚刚度是抗侧滚扭杆系统(下称扭杆系统)设计时参考的重要参数,刚度的准确计算可有效保证扭杆产品符合性能要求。为解决目前抗侧滚刚度传统理论计算方法精度不足、有限元刚度计算方法计算速度慢的问题,基于扭杆系统各构件的变形状态、互等定理及叠加原理等,提出一种适用于直扭杆式扭杆系统的改进刚度理论计算方法,方法考虑扭杆轴扭转及弯曲变形、支撑座球铰扭转及径向变形和连杆及橡胶节点变形对车体抗侧滚刚度的影响。采用传统方法、改进方法、有限元方法对某型扭杆系统进行刚度计算,并通过刚度测试试验对上述三种方法精度进行验证。结果表明,提出的改进理论计算方法较传统方法考虑变形因素更贴近实际,计算精度有较大地提高;同时较有限元方法免去大量前处理设置,有效缩短计算、设计周期;为设计人员提供一种计算精度高、速度快的扭杆系统抗侧滚刚度计算的补充方案。

Antiroll stiffness is an important parameter during the designing of antiroll torsion bar system(hereinafter called torsion bar system).Accurate calculation of stiffness can effectively ensure the product with high performance.In order to solve the problems of low accuracy of antiroll stiffness traditional theoretical calculation method and slow calculation speed of finite element method,based on the deformation state of each component of torsion bar system,reciprocal work theorem method and superposition principle,an optimal theoretical calculation method for torsion bar system with straight torsion bar is proposed.The influence of torsion and bending deformation of torsion bar shaft,torsion and radial deformation of rubber bushing of support seat and deformation of rubber joint and connecting rod on antiroll stiffness are considered in optimal method.The traditional method,optimal method and finite element method are used to calculate the stiffness of a certain type of torsion bar system,and the accuracy of the above three methods is verified by experiments.The results show that the proposed method is more practical than the traditional method,whose calculation accuracy is greatly improved;Meanwhile,compared with the finite element method,A great amount of preprocess procedure is eliminated,the stiffness calculation and design cycle can be effectively shortened;All in all,the optimal theoretical calculation method provides an accurate and rapid supplemental method for designers to calculate the antiroll stiffness of torsion bar system.