高温高压下岩石波速研究进展

Research progress of rock wave velocity under high temperature and high pressure

针对目前高温高压岩石波速数据分散、整理不足等问题,本文详细地收集、整理了20世纪70年代以来一百多篇国内外不同类型的岩石波速相关论文,对高温高压岩石波速的研究目的及内容进行了汇总,讨论研究岩石波速对地震学观测的重要性,并对高温高压下岩石波速的变化规律及目前岩石波速研究中存在的问题进行了归纳.文章首先介绍了高温高压下测量岩石波速的实验方法,它是获取地球内部岩石波速的重要途径.其次列举高温高压岩石波速的研究成果,将前人的实验结果进行非严格对比,总结出各类岩石的波速范围.然后对影响岩石波速的因素进行深入讨论,研究结果表明,温度、压力、岩石本身特性(物质组成、密度和微裂隙结构)和流体都对岩石的波速有显著影响.同时还介绍了岩石的各向异性和纵波低速现象,发现“同一区域不同岩石波速不同”和“不同区域同一岩石波速不同”两个重要特征,为更进一步的开展对高温高压下岩石波速提供一定的指导意义.

In response to the current problems such as scattered rock wave speed data and insufficient arrangement under high temperature and high pressure,this article has been collected in detail and sorted out more than 100 papers at home and abroad about high-temperature and high-pressure experiments to measure the speed of rock wave speed from the 1970s.Research on high temperature and high pressure wave rock purpose and content has carried on the summary,discuss the importance of seismological observation study rocks the wave velocity,and the variation rules of rock under high temperature and high pressure,velocity and current problems existing in the research of rock wave velocity has carried on the induction.In this paper,the experimental method of measuring rock wave velocity under high temperature and high pressure is introduced in detail,which is an important way to obtain the rock wave velocity inside the earth.Secondly,the research results of high temperature and high pressure rock wave velocity are listed,and the previous experimental results are not strictly compared,and the range of wave velocity of various rocks is summarized.Then,the factors affecting the rock wave velocity are discussed in depth.The results show that temperature,pressure,rock characteristics(material composition,density and micro-fracture structure)and fluid have significant effects on the rock wave velocity.At the same time,the anisotropy of rock and the low velocity of p-wave are also introduced.Finally,two important conclusions are put forward,"different rocks in the same region have different wave velocities"and"the same rock in different regions have different wave velocities",which provide certain guiding significance for further development of wave velocities of rock under high temperature and high pressure.