中国农业土地制度的桎梏及以色列经验的借鉴

The shackles of China's agricultural land system and the reference from the state of Israel's experience

土地资源配置问题关系到乡村振兴战略的高质量实施,影响城乡融合、产业融合、农业现代化等目标的实现。当前中国农业土地制度规定了土地所有者和使用者间的权利义务关系,有助于化解私人占有的矛盾和农业生产规避风险,确保了土地资源整合和规范使用。但中国土地制度仍不完善,存在农业集体模式发展缓慢、土地流转规模有限和土地流转市场不稳定的情况,造成了农业土地资源无法高效助力经济发展等问题。以色列农业土地制度安排与经验极大促进了农业高效生产,带动了经济增长,富裕了农民,为中国农业土地制度改革提供了借鉴。中国农业土地改革应注重农业土地使用权和管理权的区分,强化集体产权,促进农业土地使用和管理规范化,保障农业健康发展。

The allocation of land resources is related to the high-quality implementation of the rural vitalization strategy,which affects the realization of the goals of urban-rural integration,industrial integration and agricultural modernization.At present,the agricultural land system in China has stipulated the right and obligation relationship between the landowner and the user,which can help to resolve the contradiction of private possession and avoid the risk in agricultural production and ensure the integration and standardized use of land resources.But China's land system is stil not perfect,there are slow development of agricultural collective mode,limited land transfer scale and land transfer market instability,resulting in agrarian land resources cannot promote economic development and other problems.The State of Israel's agricultural land system arrangement and experience have promoted efficient agrarian production,driving economic growth and enriching farmers,providing references for China's agricultural land system reform.China's agrarian land reform should pay attention to the distinction between agricultural land use rights and management right,strengthen collective property rights,promote the standardization of agricultural land use and management,and ensure the healthy development of agriculture.