10个制汁葡萄品种在山西太谷生长表现与果汁品质分析研究初报

The Preliminary Report on Analysis of Growth Performance and Juice Quality of 10 Juice Grape Varieties in Taigu Area of Shanxi Province

【目的】针对10个制汁葡萄品种山西晋中太谷地区的生长表现、果汁品质开展调查研究与初步评价,为山西制汁葡萄产业的发展提供借鉴与参考。【方法】以‘蓓蕾玫瑰’‘康拜尔’‘卡托巴’‘白香蕉’‘俄罗斯康可’‘黑虎香’‘黑贝蒂’‘柔丁香’‘蜜尔紫’‘斯蒂本’作为研究对象,开展生物学特性、形态学特征、抗病性田间调查与评价,出汁率、果穗、果实与果汁品质特性指标测定。【结果】多数制汁葡萄品种生长势中等或强,‘卡托巴’‘白香蕉’‘俄罗斯康可’‘黑贝蒂’‘蜜尔紫’丰产性高,‘康拜尔’‘卡托巴’‘俄罗斯康可’‘黑虎香’‘柔丁香’‘蜜尔紫’抗病性强,其他品种抗病性中等。浆果成熟期在8月中旬至9月上旬,果穗质量145~613 g,果粒质量1.9~4.9 g,果实香气浓郁,多数品种出汁率高于65%。葡萄果汁可溶性糖质量分数为16.0%~29.0%,可滴定酸质量分数为0.60%~0.96%,‘俄罗斯康可’(36.7)、‘蜜尔紫’(29.9)、‘斯蒂本’(31.0)糖酸比显著高于其他品种,总酚含量为239~760 mg/kg,除‘蓓蕾玫瑰’外,其他品种果汁pH值均在其适宜的范围内。【结论】‘卡托巴’生长势强、丰产性高、抗病性强、果实草莓香气浓郁、出汁率高,果汁颜色为鲜艳宝石红色、酸甜可口,比较适宜在山西晋中太谷及类似生态区域种植。

【Objective】The growth performances and juice qualities of 10 juice grape varieties grown in Taigu of Jinzhong,Shanxi were investigated and preliminarily evaluated,so as to provide references for the development of juice grape industry in Shanxi Province.【Methods】‘Muscat Baily’,‘Campbell’,‘Catawba’,‘Baixiangjiao’,‘Russian Concord’,‘Heihuxiang’,‘Herbert’,‘Roudingxiang’,‘Mills’and‘Steuben’were taken as the research objects in this growth test.Biological characteristics,disease resistance,as well as fruit morphology(bunches and berries)were evaluated by field investigation.Furthermore,juice yield was determined and quality characteristics of grape juice were analysed.【Results】It was evaluated that most juice grape varieties have medium or strong growth potential.5 varieties had high yield including‘Catawba’,‘Baixiangjiao’,‘Russian Concord’,‘Herbert’and‘Mills’.‘Campbell’,‘Catawba’,‘Russian Concord’,‘Heihuxiang’,‘Roudingxiang’and‘Mill’had strong disease resistance while the other varieties had medium disease resistance.The berries ripen from mid-August to early September,with average bunch weight of 145~613 g and average berry weight of 1.9~4.9 g.The berries of all juice grape varieties have strong flavor.The juice yield for most varieties was beyond 65%.The soluble sugar content of grape juices ranged from 16.0%to 29.0%with the total titratable acid content ranged from 0.60%to 0.96%.The sugar-acid ratio of‘Russian Concord’(36.7),‘Mills’(29.9)and‘Steuben’(31.0)was significantly higher than that of other varieties.The total phenolic content ranged from 239 mg/kg to 760 mg/kg.The juice of whole varieties had suitable pH value except‘Muscat Baily’.【Conclusion】The juice grape variety‘Catawba’has strong growth potential,high yield,strong disease resistance,strong strawberry flavor and high juice yield,and its juice is bright ruby-color,tasting sweet and sour.It is suitable for growing in Taigu,Jinzhong and the areas with similar soil and climate characteristic in Shanxi.