湘西苗语空间语言“上、下”的认知

Cognition of the Spatial Language"Up and Down"in Xiangxi Miao Language

用认知语言学的理论方法可以进一步探讨湘西苗语“上、下”的表征及其隐喻。湘西苗语的“上、下”可以表征静态空间和动态空间。表征静态空间时为方位名词,表征动态空间时为趋向动词。静态空间以山川为认知原型,表征不同的空间语言并从空间域隐喻映射到时间域和社会域;动态空间以位移方向为参照,表征位移事件的目的空间并从空间域隐喻影射到时间域、社会域和经济域。

This article explores the representations and metaphors of"up and down"in the Miao language of Xiangxi using the theoretical methods of cognitive linguistics.The"up and down"in Xiangxi Miao language can represent both static spaces and dynamic spaces.When representing static space,it is a directional noun,and when representing dynamic space,it is a directional verb.Static space is based on mountains and rivers as cognitive prototypes,representing different spatial languages and metaphorically mapping them from spatial domains to temporal and social domains;The dynamic space takes the direction of displacement as a reference,characterizing the purpose space of displacement events and metaphorically projecting from the spatial domain to the time domain,social domain,and economic domain.