库切对陀思妥耶夫斯基反理性主义思想的接受

J.M.Coetzee's Acceptance of Dostoyevsky's Anti-Rationalism

理性主义思想是西方社会的核心思想与特定思维模式。库切和陀思妥耶夫斯基同为时代的书写者,二人在所处的文化语境上有着大量的相似之处,对库切的陀思妥耶夫斯基研究进行归纳和总结,会发现库切着重关注陀氏对于“理性主义”的看法与观点,在身处理性主义思想主导的社会现实中,库切继承陀氏对理性主义思想的对立面也就是极端虚无主义思想的批判,也对自己所处的南非社会政治制度的弊端进行了揭露,指出社会存在的问题。除此之外,库切追随陀思妥耶夫斯基的脚步看到问题,揭露问题,随之提出解决问题的办法。他们共同认为理性无法拯救人类,最终陀氏选择宗教信仰的救赎,库切则选择摆脱纯粹理性的“自我救赎”。从这个过程中可以看到陀思妥耶夫斯基对理性主义思想的批判痕迹,也能感受到库切对这种反理性主义思想的接受与转换。

Rationalism is the core thought and specife mode of thinking in western societies.J.M.Coetzee and Dostoyevsky are both writers of the times,and they have a lot of similarities in the cultural context.In the summary of Coetzee's studies on Dostoyevsky,it can be found that Coetzee focuses on Dostoyevsky's view on"rationalism".In the social reality dominated by rationalism,Coetzee inherited Dostoyevsky's criticism of extreme nihilism,the opposite of rationalism,and also exposed the social and political system of South Africa where he lived,pointing out the problems existing in the society.In addition,Coetzee followed Dostoevsky's footsteps to see the problems,reveal the problems and put forward the solution.They both agreed that rationalism could not save human being.In the end,Dostoyevsky chose the salvation of religious belief,while Coetzee chose the"self-salvation"without rationalism.In this process,we can see the traces of Dostoyevsky's criticism of rationalism and sense Coetzee's acceptance and transformation of the anti-rationalism.