论杜甫的朝班记忆与谏官形象重塑

Du Fu’s Memory of the Court and the Remolding of the Imperial Censor’s Image

朝班记忆是杜甫晚年诗歌创作的一个非常普遍的现象。杜甫在朝廷的谏官生涯虽然短暂,却构成了他难忘的政治回忆。在离开长安的日子里,杜甫以朝班记忆为媒质,不断忆写自己为官时期谏诤经历。记忆特有的补偿和修复功能,让杜甫在回忆书写中对自己的谏诤活动进行了建构性叙述。在这些叙述中,他克服了自己曾经极为卑谦的罪臣心理,用廷争、抗疏、折槛等词语描述自己当年失败的谏诤,勾画了自己理想谏臣的角色。在远离朝廷时,送友人入朝和太岁节俗等场景,触动了他的朝班记忆,他也用诗歌抒写自己深刻而执着的谏臣心理。杜甫晚年的朝班记忆书写,成功地完成了自己谏官形象的重塑,后世对他政治心理和朝官形象的认识和认可,也是基于他的这种记忆重塑书写。

Memory of the Court was a common phenomenon in Du Fu's poetry creation in his later years.Although Du Fu experienced a short career as an imperial censor,it constituted his unforgettable political memories.In the days when he left Chang’an,Du Fu used the memory of the court as the medium to constantly recall and write about his experience of advice when he was an official.The special compensation and repair function of memory enabled Du Fu to constructively describe his own expostulation activities in his reminiscence writing.In Du Fu’s narrations,he overcame his extremely humble mentality of being a guilty minister.He used words such as court dispute,resistance,and broke sill to describe his failure of advice,and constructed his ideal role as an imperial censor.Especially in the days away from the court,friends in the court,Taisui Festival customs and other fields touched his memory of the Court.He also used poetry to express his deep and persistent imperial censor psychology.Du Fu’s memory writing of court in his later years successfully completed the reconstruction of his image as an imperial censor.Later generations’recognition of his political psychology and official image are also based on his memory reconstruction and writing.