中俄跨境合作:未实现的历史机遇(一)

On Cross-Border Cooperation between China and Russia:An Unrealized Historical Opportunity(Ⅰ)

在俄罗斯国家漫长的历史进程中,对地理位置偏远、经济欠发达东部地区的开发利用始终是国家需要面对的现实问题,行之有效的方法之一便是跨境合作。许多拥有共同边界,但彼此并没有一体化责任的国家均把跨境合作的理念和实践作为国家发展的“武器”(手段)。无论是拥有共同边界,还是邻国的积极响应,这些因素都无法保证跨境合作取得成功,也无法保障边境地区经济发展取得成效。俄罗斯远东地区跨境合作的发展进程,关键在于中俄跨境合作。中俄边境跨境合作的最新状况是深入理解当代中俄关系和中俄边境合作的共同规律和发展特点的重要支点。中俄边境合作的主要发展趋势和特点表现为“从自然上升到有序衰落”的过程。形成这一过程的主要因素是俄罗斯政府对远东地区实行严格监管政策,并且通过对俄罗斯远东地区与周边国家跨境合作的中心化和集中化体现出来。

In Russia’s long historical process,the development and utilization of geographically remote and economically underdeveloped eastern regions has always been a practical problem that the country needs to face,and one of the eff ective methods is cross-border cooperation.Many countries with common borders but no integration responsibilities have used the idea and practice of cross-border cooperation as a“weapon”(means)for national development.Neither the presence of a shared border nor the positive response of neighboring countries can guarantee the success of cross-border cooperation or the eff ectiveness of economic development in border areas.For promoting the development process of cross-border cooperation in the Russian Far East,the key lies in the cross-border cooperation between China and Russia.The latest situation of China-Russia cross-border cooperation is an important fulcrum for in-depth understanding of the common law and development characteristics of contemporary China-Russia relations and China-Russia border cooperation.The main development trend and characteristic of Sino-Russian border cooperation is the process of“from natural rise to orderly decline”.The main factor in forming this process is the Russian government’s strict regulatory policy on the Far East,which is refl ected in the centralization of cross-border cooperation between the Russian Far East and neighboring countries.