执行型经营者:乡村产业振兴中的基层政府——基于湖南星镇的田野观察

Executive Operators:Grassroots Governments in the Revitalization of Rural Industries——Based on Field Observations in Star Town,Hunan Province

乡村振兴战略的实施与治理资源的下沉推动基层政府组织形象特征发生重大变化。基于制度逻辑的理论视角,构建出“多重制度逻辑-组织目标-差异化回应行为”的分析框架,并对湖南星镇研学产业发展实践进行历时性观察,以刻画新时代基层政府的组织形象。研究发现,基层政府在乡村产业振兴中会受到服务导向的社会逻辑、执行导向的科层逻辑与经营导向的市场逻辑的形塑,而三种制度逻辑对基层政府组织目标约束与激励的非均衡性,促使基层政府分别采取回避型、合规型以及积极型的差异化回应行为,最终塑造了“执行型经营者”的形象特征。“执行型经营者”不仅反映了乡村产业发展中的制度情境复杂性,更体现了新时代基层政府对治理情境变革的适应性调整,但其对产业经营的深度介入,也会挤占乡村产业内生力量的成长空间。因此,要进一步强化基层政府的服务导向,建立乡村产业培育机制,实现内外相融合的乡村产业新内源式发展。

The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and the flowing down of governance resources have promoted major changes in the image characteristics of grassroots government organizations.Based on the theoretical perspective of institutional logic,an analytical framework of"multiple institutional logic-organizational goals-differentiated response behavior"is constructed,and a diachronic observation is made on the development practice of the Star Town educational travel industry to portray the organizational image of the grassroots government in the new era.The study found that the grassroots government will be shaped by service-oriented social logic,executive-oriented bureaucratic logic,and business-oriented market logic in the revitaliza-tion of rural industries.The nature of the situation has prompted the grassroots governments to adopt evasive,compliant and positive differentiated response behaviors,and finally shaped the image characteristics of"executive operators"."Executive operators"not only reflect the complexity of the institutional situation in the development of rural industries,but also reflect the adaptability of grassroots governments to changes in the governance situation in the new era.While,its deep involvement in industrial management will also occupy the growth space of endogenous forces in rural industries.Therefore,it is necessary to further strengthen the service orientation of grassroots governments,establish a rural industry cultivation mechanism,and realize the new endogenous development of rural industries that promotes endogenous growth and integrates internal and external.