知识翻译学视域下《梦溪笔谈》科技术语翻译方法研究

A STUDY ON THE TRANSLATION OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL TERMS IN BRUSH TALKS FROM DREAM BROOK FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TRANSKNOWLETOLOGY

典籍中的古代科技术语负载了中华古代科技文明,其外译对于中华文化的传播、交流与影响有重要意义。《梦溪笔谈》是北宋沈括所著的百科全书式笔记体著作,其唯一一部英语全译本由王宏教授等学者完成并出版。从知识翻译学视角出发,以杨枫教授提出、岳峰教授阐释的三大翻译批评标准及孟祥春教授提出的批评工具,对《梦溪笔谈》王宏、赵峥英译本中的古代科技术语翻译方法进行了探析。研究发现,《梦溪笔谈》古代科技术语英译有以下特点:以真求知方法下,可以在知识契合区译为真义,寻求知识最大公约数;以善立义方法下,译者可通过文内释义和文外说明助力沟通,在知识差异区化解知识剪刀差;以美行文方法下,可在知识冲突区因势变通、重视受众审美,通过意译使得知识互动化生。

Terms focusing on the transferring of scientific and technical information in Brush Talks from Dream Brook represent Chinese scientific and technological achievements,and their translations are of great significance to the spread,exchange and influence of Chinese culture.Brush Talks from Dream Brook is an encyclopedic notebook work written by Shen Kuo in the Northern Song Dynasty.The only complete English translation was made by Professor Wang Hong together with some other scholars.In this study,the three translation criticism criteria proposed by Professor Yang Feng and explained by Professor Yue Feng,and the criticism tools proposed by Professor Meng Xiangchun are used to explore the translation methods of ancient scientific and technical terms in Wang Hong′s English translation of Brush Talks from Dream Brook from the perspective of transknowletology.Three findings about the process of translating the ancient scientific and technical terms in the book are revealed as following:under the principle of real meanings,the translator sought the true meaning in the"area of knowledge identity"and the"greatest common divisor"of knowledge;under the principle of full preparations,the translator could help communicate through in-text interpretation and out-text explanation,and resolve the"scissors differential of knowledge"in the"area of knowledge discrepancy";under the principle of target text aesthetic conceptions,the translator could pay attention to the audience′s aesthetics and"area of knowledge conflict",making the"knowledge glocalization"come into being through free translation.This study aims to provide a reference for facilitating the globalization and integration of local scientific and technological knowledge in China.