小儿急腹症X线影像特征分析

Analysis of X-ray image characteristics of acute abdomen in children

目的分析小儿急腹症X线影像特征。方法选取2020年2月至2023年2月在旬阳市人民医院就诊的86例小儿急腹症患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,均进行X线检查,分析检出结果及影像特征。结果X线检出小儿急腹症77例,检出率为89.53%,其中膈疝4例(100.00%)、胃穿孔8例(87.50%)、原发性腹膜炎9例(77.78%)、急性肠套叠12例(100.00%)、急性肠梗阻11例(100.00%)、肛门闭锁7例(57.14%)、急性阑尾炎35例(91.43%)。X线影像特征,膈疝表现为胸腔内存在大液面,肠管有透光阴影,呈囊状或蜂窝状;胃穿孔表现为有少量气体存在于腹部上方;原发性腹膜炎表现为有不规则点状存在于腹腔内或有钙化斑现象,呈“条索状”;急性肠套叠表现为肠管内有积气表现;急性肠梗阻梗阻位置的不同存在不同影像表现;肛门闭锁表现为“小液平、大液平”“三泡征”“双泡征”。结论X线诊断小儿急腹症的检出率较高,临床结合疾病症状和X线影像特征,可为后续治疗提供依据。

Objective To analyze the X-ray imaging characteristics of acute abdomen in children.Methods The clinical data of 86 children with acute abdomen treated in Xunyang People’s Hospital from February 2020 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent X-ray examination,and the detection results and imaging characteristics were analyzed.Results X-ray detected 77 cases of acute abdomen in children,the detection rate was 89.53%.There were 4 cases(100.00%)of diaphragmatic hernia,8 cases(87.50%)of gastric perforation,9 cases(77.78%)of primary peritonitis,12 cases(100.00%)of acute intus susception,11 cases(100.00%)of acute intes tinal obstruction,7 cases(57.14%)of anal atresia,and 35 cases(91.43%)of acute appendicitis.X-ray image characteristics,diaphragmatic hernia showed a large liquid surface in the chest cavity,and a transparent shadow in the intestine,which was like a sac or honeycomb.Gastric perforation was characterized by a small amount of gas in the upper abdomen.Primary peritonitis was characterized by irregular spots in the abdominal cavity or calcified spots,which were“stringlike”.Acute intussusception was characterized by gas in the intestine.Acute intestinal obstruction had different imaging manifestations according to the location of obstruction.Anal atresia was manifested as“small liquid flat,large liquid flat”,“three bubble sign”and“double bubble sign”.Conclusion X-ray has a high detection rate in the diagnosis of acute abdomen in children.Clinical symptoms and X-ray imaging characteristics can provide a basis for subsequent treatment.