不同肠内营养开始时间对极低出生体重儿营养摄入、生长发育及并发症的影响

Effect of different initial time of enteral nutrition on nutrient intake,growth and development and complications of very low birth weight infants

目的探讨不同肠内营养开始时间对极低出生体重儿营养摄入、生长发育及并发症的影响。方法选取2021年7月至2023年5月南宁市第二人民医院新生儿重症监护病房收治的90例极低出生体重儿,根据不同肠内营养开始时间分为实验组、对照A组与对照B组,每组各30例。实验组、对照A组及对照B组分别在出生后3 d内、3~7 d内及出生7 d后给予胃管鼻饲母乳喂养。比较三组营养摄入情况、生长发育情况及并发症发生率。结果实验组奶量、总胆红素水平均优于对照A组及对照B组(P<0.05)。三组生长发育情况的时间、组间、交互作用比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。三组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论不同肠内营养开始时间不会对极低出生体重儿的生长发育造成影响,但出生后3 d内开始肠内营养更有利于极低出生体重儿的营养摄入,且具有安全性,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the effect of different initial time of enteral nutrition on nutrient intake,growth and development and complications of very low birth weight infants.Methods A total of 90 very low birth weight infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Second Nanning People’s Hospital from July 2021 to May 2023 were selected and divided into the experimental group,control group A and control group B according to different initial time of enteral nutrition,with 30 cases in each group.The experimental group,control group A and control group B were given breast-feeding by gastric tube within 3 days,3~7 days and 7 days after birth,respectively.The nutritional intake,growth and development and the incidence of complications of the three groups were compared.Results The milk volume and total bilirubin level of the experimental group were better than those of control group A and control group B(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the time,intergroup and interaction of growth and development among the three groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications among the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Different initial time of enteral nutrition do not affect the growth and development of very low birth weight infants,but the initiation of enteral nutrition within 3 days after birth is more conducive to the nutritional intake of very low birth weight infants,and it is safe and worthy of promotion.