石油污染土壤热脱附结焦机理及结焦特性综述

Review on Thermal Desorption Coking Mechanism and Coking Characteristics of Petroleum Contaminated Soil

结焦问题一直是热脱附处理石油污染土壤亟待解决的问题,解决结焦问题能够提高热脱附设备的处理效率、降低处理成本以及延长设备使用寿命。总结了结焦机理的三种假设:相分离机理、自由基机理、碳正离子机理和金属催化机理。吸附结焦特性主要总结了工艺参数和原料性质两个方面对结焦的影响。工艺参数包括反应温度、油气停留时间和停留温度三个方面;原料性质包括原油性质、催化剂性质和反应物浓度三个方面。以期为热脱附结焦问题的研究提供思路。

Coking problem has always been an urgent problem to be solved in thermal desorption treatment of petroleum contaminated soil.Solving coking problem can improve the treatment efficiency of thermal desorption equipment,reduce the treatment cost and prolong the service life of equipment.Three hypotheses of coking mechanism,phase separation mechanism,free radical mechanism,carbocation mechanism and metal catalytic mechanism,were summarized.The adsorption coking characteristics mainly summarized the effects of process parameters and raw material properties on coking.The process parameters included reaction temperature,residence time of oil and gas and residence temperature.The properties of raw materials included three aspects:crude oil properties,catalyst properties and reactant concentration,in order to provide ideas for the study of thermal desorption coking problem.