城市群城乡融合发展:测度评价、障碍因素与驱动因素

Urban and rural integration development in urban agglomerations:Measurement and evaluation,obstacle factors and driving factors

基于要素维度评价城乡融合发展水平,对于区域高质量城乡融合发展具有重要的理论与现实意义。本文运用综合评价法,以6个城市群为例,评价市域城乡融合发展水平,并运用障碍度模型和地理探测器解析其障碍因素和驱动因素。结果表明:①1995—2019年,6个城市群城乡融合发展水平呈稳步上升的态势,差距逐渐缩小,且临海城市群、省会及核心城市的城乡融合发展水平较高。②城市群内部各城市城乡融合发展差异不大,但城市群间差异较大,且要素城乡融合发展水平在时空层面均差异明显。③空间相关性分析表明城乡融合空间集聚特征增强,且区域联动治理增强。④障碍因素分析表明,资本和管理是城乡融合的主要障碍因素维度,人口障碍度基本保持稳定,土地障碍度有小幅上升趋势,技术障碍度呈连续下降趋势。主要障碍因子在不同年份变化不大,但空间差异明显。⑤驱动因素分析表明,经济发展水平、对外开放度和城乡交通设施基础一直是城乡融合发展的主导驱动因素,且从相对单一逐渐向多元转变。研究认为,未来应加强对驱动因素与障碍因素的识别与调控;加大普惠金融对乡村的扶持力度,通过资本引领带动城乡融合;推动数字要素与乡村深度融合,充分发挥数字经济对区域城乡融合发展的赋能作用。

In this paper,six urban agglomerations are taken as examples,the comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the level of urban and rural integration development,and the obstacle degree model and geographic detector are coupled to analyze the obstacle factors and driving factors.The results show that:(1)From 1995 to 2019,the level of urban-rural integration of the six urban agglomerations showed a steady upward trend,the gap gradually narrowed,and the level of the integration in the coastal urban agglomeration,provincial capitals,and core cities was relatively high.(2)There is little difference in urban-rural integration between cities within urban agglomerations,but there is a big difference between urban agglomerations,and there are obvious differences in different factors.(3)Spatial correlation analysis shows that the spatial agglomeration characteristics of urban-rural integration are enhanced,and regional linkage governance is strengthened.(4)The analysis of obstacle factors shows that capital and management are the main obstacle factors of urban-rural integration,the population obstacle degree remains stable,the land obstacle degree has a slight upward trend,and the technical obstacle degree has a continuous downward trend.(5)The analysis of driving factors shows that the level of economic development,openness to the outside world,and the infrastructure of urban and rural transportation facilities have been the dominant driving factors for the integrated development of urban and rural areas,and they have gradually changed from single to diversified.The research suggests that we should strengthen the identification and regulation of driving factors and obstacles in the future;increase the support of inclusive finance for rural areas,drive the integration of urban and rural areas through capital guidance;promote the deep integration of digital elements and rural areas,and give full play to the enabling role of the digital economy in the integrated development of regional urban and rural areas.On the one hand,we will strengthen the integration of digital elements and rural industries to promote the digital transformation of rural industries;relying on the internet platform,we can promote the integration of primary,secondary,and tertiary industries in rural areas.On the other hand,we will strengthen the integration of digital elements and rural governance,build cloud platforms such as"digital brains"in urban and rural areas,and comprehensively enhance the capacity of urban and rural collaborative governance,to promote urban and rural integration and high-quality development.