母乳科学研究的现状及发展方向

Breast-milk scientific research contributes to improvement of breast milk quality and development ofhumancivilization

乳汁是哺乳动物进化的结果,人类的母乳给婴儿不仅提供营养,还提供了生物活性物质、微生物以及细胞等更丰富的内容物;母乳喂养是生殖健康的重要阶段,是生命早期营养最重要的获取方式,但其健康效应至今无法准确评估。母乳科学已成为交叉学科新的研究热点,在探索生命健康、疾病预防、临床救治、社会伦理和经济发展等领域的规律方面成为新的范式。本文综述并探讨了国内外母乳科学研究的进展及其差距,并提出了未来发展的思路。

Breast milk,the product of mammalian evolution,provides infants with not only vital nutrients,but also an array of nourishing contents,including bioactive substances,microorganisms,and cells.Being a crucial stage of reproductive health,breastfeeding serves as the primary means of nutrient absorption during early life.However,the scientific evaluation of its health effects remains inaccurate.The study of breast milk has emerged as a new interdisciplinary research hotspot,offering a new paradigm for explorations in life health,disease prevention,clinical treatment,social ethics,and economic advancement.This paper reviewed and discussed the research progress of breast milk science both domestically and internationally and the gap in between,and proposed a promising perspective for future research and development.