西部高等教育高质量发展的困境与出路--基于智力资本的视角

Dilemma and Countermeasures of the High-quality Development of Higher Education in Western China--Based on the Perspective of Intellectual Capital

深化实施区域协调发展战略背景下,要加快推动西部地区高等教育高质量发展。西部大开发20年来,西部高等教育办学规模增长迅速,与中东部的外延性差距逐渐缩小,但与东部地区的内涵性差距显著。导致这一问题的主要原因是西部高等教育没有充分激活和优化高校智力资本,从构成高校智力资本的三要素来看:人力资本不足且流失严重,结构资本缺少内生动力,社会资本与区域经济耦合乏力。西部高等教育高质量发展要以优化智力资本为抓手,厚植人力资本,提质增效西部高校引才育才机制;优化结构资本,释放西部高等教育制度红利;培育社会资本,促进学科特色发展。

Under the background of deepening regional coordinated development strategy, it is urgent to accelerate the high-quality development of higher education in western China. During the 20 years'develop-ment of the Western Region, the scale of higher education in the western region has increased rapidly. The ex-tension gap between the western region and the central and eastern regions has narrowed gradually, while the connotation gap is significant. The reason is that three elements of intellectual capital in western universities are not activated: the first is the shortage of human capital and serious brain drain the second is the lack of endog-enous motivation of structural capital, the third is the weak coupling between social capital and regional economy. High-quality development of higher education in western China should focus on optimizing intellectual capital, which includes three measures: cultivating human capital to reform the mechanism of attracting and cultivating talents in western universities;optimizing structural capital to release the dividend of higher educa-tion system in western China;cultivating social capital to promote the development of subject characteristics.