“双减”视域下义务教育阶段教师减负的实质、困境与出路

Essence,Dilemma and Way out of Reducing Teachers’Burden in Compulsory Educational Stage from Perspective of“Double Reduction”

减轻义务教育阶段教师负担,对提高中小学教师队伍质量、构建高质量的义务教育体系、营造良好的教育生态具有重要作用。义务教育阶段教师减负,旨在营造良好的教育教学生态;落实立德树人根本任务,培养全面发展的学生。但其减负过程中,负担不减反增,面临诸多困境:教育政策与利益相关者的相互博弈、教师职责与边界模糊不清、教师主体性缺失与社会期望过高的鸿沟、教育教师评价的错位。为破解教师负担过重,出路在于:建立合理、科学与多样的教育教师评价体系;完善相关法律法规与政策体系;为教师赋能增权,确保教师主体地位;明晰教师职责与权利的边界;加强教师减负政策宣导,形成政策合力。

Reducing the burden on teachers in the stage of compulsory education plays an important role in improving the quality of primary and secondary school teachers.The purpose is to create a good education and teaching ecology.However,in the process of reducing,the burden increases instead of decreasing.In order to solve the problem of teachers’overburden,the way out is to establish a reasonable,scientific and diverse evaluation system for educational teachers;and to improve the relevant laws.