分子标记技术在山羊育种中的研究进展

Research Progress of Molecular Marker Technology in Goat Breeding

山羊产业是现代畜牧业中重要的一环。加快山羊育种进程、促进养羊业发展对当代畜牧业发展具有重要意义。相较于传统育种改良方法,分子标记技术因其检测操作简便、表达比较稳定等优点成为畜禽育种的研究热点。然而,分子标记技术在山羊育种中起步较晚,研究应用较少,仍需要进一步探索。文章综述了分子标记技术在山羊的生长性状、产肉性状和繁殖性状3个方面的研究概况,总结了适用于分子标记辅助育种的潜在分子标记位点,目前生长和繁殖性状的候选位点主要集中在基因插入/缺失和CNV方面,而产肉育种改良主要涉及基因、细胞因子以及RNA方面。

Goat industry is an important part of modern animal husbandry.Accelerating the process of goat breeding and promoting the development of sheep farming is of great significance for the development of contemporary animal husbandry.Compared with the traditional breeding improvement methods,molecular markers have become a research hotspot in livestock and poultry breeding because of their advantages such as simple detection and operation in breeding.However,molecular marker technology started late in goat breeding,and its research and application were few,so it still needs to be further explored.This paper summarized the research situation of molecular marker technology in growth traits,meat production traits and reproductive traits of goats,and summarized the potential molecular marker loci suitable for molecular marker-assisted breeding in these traits.At present,the candidate sites for growth and reproductive traits were mainly focused on gene insertion/deletion and CNV,while the improvement of meat breeding mainly involved genes,cytokines and RNA.