清末辽籍医家景仰山学术贡献

Academic Contribution of Medical Expert from Liaoning Jing Yangshan in the Late Qing Dynasty

清末民初的名医景仰山因仕途不顺,弃儒从医,一生致力于中医事业,救人无数。在中医理论方面,他勇于探索、革新,横向上其主张中西医合参,以西医解剖学眼光审视并结合中医藏象学,纵向上提倡深度解读中医名词术语,从训诂学、易学、历法学等角度阐释经脉命名来由,以发前人所未述。临床诊疗方面,景仰山采撷宋明理学精华,继承河间学派的学术思想,呼吁重视运导这一未病先防手段,以及在病愈后要审慎调养,不可轻浮恣欲,致使病复。景仰山的临床风格深受家学熏陶,以《伤寒论》为理论渊薮,兼具河间学派的特点,其临证时融汇伤寒温病等学派辨证思路,且善用寒凉,每起沉疴,多有奇效。以其经验具有相当的可借鉴性,故从其著作《景仰山医学三书》出发,对其医学思想作一评析,以期指导临床。

Jing Yangshan,a famous doctor in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican period,abandoned Confucianism and became a medical doctor,devoting his life to Chinese medicine and saving countless lives.In terms of Chinese medical theory,he was courageous in exploring and innovating.Horizontally,he advocated the integration of Chinese and Western medicine,using Western anatomy to examine and combine Chinese medicine with theory of visceral manifestations,and vertically,he advocated the in-depth interpretation of Chinese medical terminology,explaining the origin of meridian naming from the perspectives of exegesis,yiology and calendrics,in order to develop what had not been described before.In terms of clinical treatment,Jing picked up the essence of the Song and Ming philosophies and inherited the academic ideas of the Hejian school,calling for the importance of the use of the transport as a means of prevention before illness,and the need for prudent regulation after recovery from illness,not to be frivolous and wanton,resulting in a return to illness.Jing's clinical style was deeply influenced by his family's school,with the Treatise on Exogenous Febrile Disease as the theoretical source and the characteristics of the Hejian school.In his clinical practice,he integrated the ideas of Shang han warm febrile disease and other schools of discernment,and made good use of cold and coolness,and had many miraculous effects in the treatment of severe diseases.Since his experience is quite useful,we would like to comment on his medical thinking from his book Three Books of Medicine of Jing Yangshan in order to guide the clinical practice.