西晋华芳墓银铃音乐图像探析

Analysis on Musicians Image of Silver Bell in Huafang Tomb in the Western Jin Dynasty

西晋华芳墓银铃为首都博物馆馆藏一级文物,小巧别致、做工精细,铃身饰有8个乐人,栩栩如生。本文通过乐人分布特点、形态特征以及显微镜下观察到的残损细节,逐一辨识每个乐人的表演性质;并根据乐队组合和银铃自身特点,推断乐人表演的音乐类型;在此基础之上,结合墓主华芳所处时代背景,聚焦墓志铭中“朗解五音,而不听声乐,欲以终成家风,匪唯一己而已”之辞,试析银铃上乐人图像所体现出的音乐文化现象,解读墓志铭中称颂之辞的言外之意。

The silver bell from the Western Jin Dynasty is a first-class cultural relic in the collection of the Capital Museum.It is small and chic,with fine workmanship,bell body decorated with 8 musicians.Based on the distribution characteristics,morphological characteristics and the details of the damage observed under the microscope,this paper identifies the performance characteristics of each person.According to the characteristics of the band combination and the silver bell itself,the types of music performed by the musicians are inferred.On this basis,combined with the era background of the tomb owner Huafang,focuses on the epitaph“understand the five tones,but not listen to the common music,hope the virture will eventually become a family tradition,not just limited to oneself”,attempts to analyze the music culture phenomenon reflected in the image of musicians on the silver bell,in order to interpret the meaning of the praise words in the epitaph.