中低温固体氧化物燃料电池电解质的研究进展

Research Progress of Electrolyte for Medium and Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

与其他燃料电池不同,固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)作为一种新兴的环境友好型能源系统,采用的是陶瓷材料作为电解质。电解质是SOFC的核心部件,它的主要作用是传导离子,在很大程度上决定了电池的工作温度。SOFC工作温度通常在600~1000℃之间,是目前运行温度最高的燃料电池,过高的温度会引发一系列问题,如何在保证性能的前提下降低工作温度是SOFC进一步市场化的关键。本文主要阐述各种SOFC电解质导电机理、性能以及向中低温化发展的研究进展,并对未来电解质材料的发展趋势进行了展望。

Unlike other fuel cells,solid oxide fuel cells(SOFC)serve as an emerging environmentally friendly energy system,using ceramic materials as electrolytes.Electrolyte is the core component of the SOFC.Its main role is to conduct ions,which largely determines the operating temperature of the battery.SOFC,the fuel cell with the highest working temperature currently,usually operates between 600℃and 1000℃,while too high temperatures can cause a series of problems.How to reduce the working temperature under the premise of ensuring the performance is the key to the further marketization of SOFC.This paper mainly expounds the conductive mechanism,properties and the research progress of various SOFC electrolytes,and prospects the future development trend of electrolyte materials.