我国精英女子沙滩排球运动员比赛表现分析与提高策略

Research on Performance Analysis and Promotion Strategy of Chinese Elite Female Beach Volleyball Players

目的:分析我国精英女子沙滩排球运动队全运会时技能与体能的表现特征并据此提出改进策略。研究方法:通过文献资料、测试、录像观察等研究方法,统计女沙8强队伍的56场、128局比赛的技术数据和体能指标。研究结果:上游队伍在扣球和防守成功率上显著高于下游球队,P<0.05;上下游队伍在面临不同对手时发球成功率有显著性差异,P<0.05;两局定胜负比赛双方表现差异在发球、扣球和防守成功率上,三局定胜负比赛双方在发球成功率上有显著性差异,P<0.05;上下游队伍在沙地30米和沙地多方向移动指标上有显著性差异,P<0.05;移动、弹跳指标与扣球、防守指标存在相关性,r=0.605-0.813,P<0.05。研究结论:我国精英女子沙滩排球运动队扣球和防守成功率更高;面对队伍实力相近和三局焦灼比赛时,发球质量是影响比赛胜负的关键;发球、扣球和防守的成功率是影响运动员比赛表现的关键。精英女子沙滩排球运动队的移动能力更好,且与扣球、防守的成功率存在相关性。技术、体能与比赛表现息息相关,应紧密结合沙排技术特点开展体能训练,通过基础力量与爆发力交叉训练改善专项力量,通过闭合、开放条件下的专项步法训练改善移动能力,进而促进发球、扣球和防守能力提升。

The objective is to analyze the performance of skills and physical ability of elite female beach volleyball players in National Games and put forward improvement strategies.Methods:The technical data of 56 matches and 128 games of the top 8 teams of beach volleyball were collected by means of literature review,test and video observation,and the physical data were tested.Results:The success rate of spike and defense of the upstream team was significantly higher than that of the downstream team(P<0.05).The success rate of the upstream and downstream teams was significantly different when facing different opponents(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the success rate of serve,spike and defense between the two sets of decisive match,and there were significant differences in the success rate of serve between the two sets of decisive match(P<0.05).There were significant differences between the upstream and downstream teams in the sand 30 meters and the sand multi-direction movement index(P<0.05).There was a correlation between movement and bounce index and spike index and defense index,r=0.605-0.813,P<0.05;Conclusion:Elite female beach volleyball players have a higher success rate of spiking and defending;When the team strength is close and three sets of anxious match,the quality of service is the key to the outcome of the match;The success rate of serve,spike and defense are the key indicators that affect the performance of athletes.Elite female beach volleyball players have better mobility,which is correlated with spike success rate and defense success rate.Skills and physical fitness are closely related to the performance of the game.The explosive power of the upper and lower limbs can be improved through the maximum strength and plyometric training,and the movement ability can be improved through the special footwork training under closed and open conditions,so as to promote the improvement of the ability of serving,spiking and defense.