胶东半岛渔村聚落结构特征及振兴路径探索

The Structural Characteristics and Revitalization Path of Fishing Village Settlements in Jiaodong Peninsula

乡村振兴战略是建设社会主义现代化强国的必由之路,同时也对新时代美丽渔村的发展提出了更高要求。胶东半岛特殊的地理环境造就了渔村之间独特的血脉交融文化与建筑技艺。文章以胶东威海、烟台渔村作为分析对象,在宏观和中观层面采用地理信息系统对渔村聚落的核心空间聚集度、渔村空间规整度、建筑组群层次关系等进行解析,在微观层面对渔村空间辨识度、道路曲折度及平面形态、立面特征等进行图例分析和设计探究。最后针对渔村振兴、规划设计、民居保护与再生提出对策,结合社会学、地理学、民俗文化等学科知识,聚焦传统渔村的当代激活与经营。该研究可为新时代我国渔业的可持续健康发展提供参考。

The strategy of rural revitalization is the essential way to build a strong socialist modern country,and it also puts forward higher requirements for the development of beautiful fishing villages in the new era.The special geographical environment of Jiaodong Peninsula has created unique and closely connected culture and architectural skills among fishing villages.This paper takes the fishing villages of Weihai and Yantai in Jiaodong as the object of analysis.At the macro and meso levels,geographic information system is used to analyze the spatial aggregation of fishing village cores,spatial regularity of fishing villages,hierarchical relationship of architectural clusters,and so on.At the micro level,legend analysis and design research are carried out on the spatial recognition,road curvature,plan form,and vertical façade characteristics,etc.of fishing villages.Finally,countermeasures are proposed for the revitalization of fishing villages,planning and design,and the protection and regeneration of residential houses.Combining with the knowledge of sociology,geography,folk culture and other disciplines,the paper focuses on the contemporary activation and management of traditional fishing villages.This paper can provide a reference for the sustainable and healthy development of fisheries in China in the new era.