西南地区穿斗式木结构民居构造特点及震害特征分析——以贵州山区为例

Analysis of Architectural and Structural Characteristics and Typical Earthquake Damage to the Chuandou-type Timber Frame in Southwest China:A Case Study of the Mountainous Areas in Guizhou Province

为了深入了解穿斗式木结构的抗震能力,从该结构的建筑构造特点出发对其进行详细介绍。基于对贵州黔西南州、黔南州的乡镇村落的实地调查,对穿斗式木结构的建筑特点和构造特点进行了分类归纳;根据2021年四川泸县6.0级、2022年泸定6.8级地震震中的现场震害调查结果以及自2013以来西南地区6.0级以上典型地震的震害资料,总结了穿斗式木结构房屋的典型震害,包括屋面破坏、围护墙破坏、木构架破坏等,并分析了其震损原因。结果表明:穿斗式木结构独特的榫卯连接形式,使其木构架在地震作用下表现出良好的抗震能力,而填充墙抗震性能相对较差。

In this paper we firstly introduce the characteristics of the Chuandou-type structure in detail,in order to help further understand the seismic capacity of the Chuandou-type timber frame.Based on the field investigation of towns and villages in Qianxinan and Qiannan prefecture of Guizhou province,we classified the architectural characteristics and structural characteristics of the Chuandou-type timber frame.According to the field survey in the disaster areas of the 2021 Luxian M S6.0 earthquake and the 2022 Luding M S6.8 earthquake in Sichuan,and the seismic damage data of the typical earthquakes(M S≥6.0)in southwest China since 2013,the typical earthquake damage to the roof,wall,wood frame,etc.of the Chuandou-type timber frame is summarized.Finally,the causes of damage to the Chuandou-type timber frame are analyzed.The results show that it's unique tenon-mortise connection ensures the good seismic performance of the Chuandou-type timber frame when It's hit by earthquakes.Yet the seismic performance of the Chuandou-type timber frame's infilled walls is relatively poor.