脉冲星对氢原子钟的频率驾驭算法研究

Steering the Frequency of Hydrogen Master Based on Pulsar Observations

氢原子钟具有较高的短期稳定度,将其作为主钟可在短期内产生高精度的本地时间信号.但氢钟存在频率漂移现象,导致其长期稳定度较差,从而影响本地时间的准确性.毫秒脉冲星自转高度稳定,借助于其长期稳定度高的特性,可定期实现对氢原子钟的频率驾驭,并对实时信号加以控制.首先分析了国际脉冲星计时阵(International Pulsar Timing Array,IPTA)第二批发布数据中四颗毫秒脉冲星的稳定度随时间的变化,同时采用哈达玛方差分析了中国科学院国家授时中心(National Time Service Center,NTSC)一台氢钟的频率稳定性能,最终给出了利用脉冲星驾驭氢原子钟频率的方法.

Hydrogen masters have high short-term stability,using them as master clocks can generate high-precision local standard time in a short period of time.However,the hydrogen maser has a frequency drift phenomenon,which leads to its poor long-term stability,thus affecting the accuracy of the local time.The rotation of the millisecond pulsar is highly stable.With the help of its high long-term stability,it can regularly control the frequency of the hydrogen atomic clock,thus control the real-time signal.The stability of four millisecond pulsars in the second data set released by the International Pulsar Timing Array(IPTA)is analyzed.At the same time,the frequency stability of a hydrogen maser of the National Time Service Center(NTSC)is analyzed by Hadamard variance.Finally,a strategy for steering the frequency of hydrogen master using pulsars is given.