国际化速度、双元创新与“专精特新”企业绩效——基于115家中国制造业单项冠军上市企业的实证研究

Internationalization Speed,Dual Innovation,and Performance of“SRDI”Enterprises:Based on the Empirical Research of 115 Chinese Manufacturing Single-champion Listed Enterprises

作为增强经济韧性的重要微观组织单元,“专精特新”企业国际化成长对中国经济高质量发展具有重要意义。本文基于国际化速度相关理论和双元创新理论,使用115家制造业单项冠军企业作为样本,采用2010—2020年非平衡面板数据,实证检验了国际化速度、双元创新与“专精特新”企业绩效之间的关系,并探讨探索式创新、利用式创新在两者间的调节效应。研究发现,“专精特新”企业的国际化速度对其绩效的影响呈先抑制后促进的关系;探索式创新和利用式创新均显著促进了“专精特新”企业的绩效;探索式创新和利用式创新弱化了国际化速度与“专精特新”企业绩效的关系。本文丰富了“专精特新”企业成长影响因素的相关研究,可为新发展格局背景下“专精特新”企业选择国际化与创新战略提供借鉴。

As an essential micro-organizational unit of economic resilience,the international growth of“SRDI”(specialized-refinement-differential-innovation)enterprises is significant to the highquality development of China’s economy.“SRDI”enterprises refer to a group of small and medium-sized enterprises that have outstanding performance in production,innovation,and management.As the market is narrow and deep,the internationalization speed of“SRDI”enterprises is faster than that of general enterprises.Therefore,how the internationalization speed affects the performance of“SRDI”enterprises has become an important topic.Based on the theory of internationalization speed and dual innovation,this paper uses the unbalanced panel data of 115 manufacturing single-champion listed enterprises from 2010 to 2020,and empirically tests the role of internationalization speed and dual innovation on the performance of“SRDI”enterprises.The study finds that internationalization speed has a U-shaped relationship with the performance of“SRDI”enterprises,and dual innovation has a significant positive impact on the performance of“SRDI”enterprises.Exploratory and exploitative innovation has a negative moderating effect on the relationship between internationalization speed and the performance of“SRDI”enterprises.The main contributions of this paper are as follows:First,it focuses on the micro-mechanism of the impact of internationalization speed on the performance of“SRDI”enterprises,providing a new perspective to understand the internationalization development of“SRDI”enterprises,and enriching the internationalization strategy of“SRDI”enterprises.Second,it introduces dual innovation into the study of the relationship between internationalization speed and the performance of“SRDI”enterprises,contributing to a deeper understanding of the patterns of diversified innovation activities of Chinese manufacturing enterprises,and expanding the research on the innovation of“SRDI”enterprises.Third,it uses the empirical method to test the influencing factors of the performance of“SRDI”enterprises,providing management inspirations on how to choose internationalization and innovation strategies for“SRDI”enterprises in the new era,and providing a new way of thinking about the research methodology of“SRDI”enterprises.