十九世纪西方汉学期刊对汉语教学的多元探索

Discourse Presentation about Chinese Teaching in Public Space among the Western Sinological Journals of the Nineteenth Century

进入21世纪以来,国际中文教育已成为一个跨学科研究领域,具有深厚的历史渊源。早期西方汉学中对汉语教学问题的关注与知识的建构在16世纪就已开始,并引起了早期西方处于公共空间的百科全书和报刊的关注。特别是19世纪,以报刊为主体的公共空间,深入分析了汉语学习的难点与成因、汉语声调学习的策略与方法,许多文献呈现出早期西方普通汉语学习者的学习行为过程,不仅在报刊上分享了个体的汉语学习经历与经验,并进行了汉语教学的多元探索,包括中式汉字教学模式的反思与革新、汉语语法与语体的学习、汉语教师的本土化选择和汉语准确度与流利度的训练等诸多方面。通过了解19世纪主要外文期刊中所刊载的汉语教学知识,一定程度上展示了早期西方公众眼中汉语教学的认知面貌。

The concern for Chinese teaching issues and the construction of knowledge in early Western Sinology began in the 16th century,and also attracted the attention of early Western encyclopedias and periodicals in the public space.Especially after the 19th century,public spaces dominated by periodicals conducted in-depth analysis of the difficulties and causes of Chinese learning,as well as strategies and methods for learning Chinese tones.Many records showed the learning behavior process of ordinary Chinese learners in the early West,not only shared individual Chinese learning experiences and experiences,but also conducted multiple explorations of Chinese teaching,including reflection and innovation of Chinese character teaching models,Chinese grammar and style learning,localization choices of Chinese teachers,and Chinese accuracy and fluency training and many other aspects in periodicals.Based on the presenting the Chinese teaching knowledge published in major sinological journals in the 19th century,the article demonstrates to a certain extent the cognitive appearance of Chinese teaching in the public.