“政治势能-资源”视角下民间环保组织参与环境治理的行动策略

The Action Strategy of NGO Participation in Environmental Governance from the Perspective of “Political Potential Energy-Resources”

社会组织作为中国社会治理的重要参与者和实践者,日益成长为现代化基层社会治理体系中不可或缺的力量。传统研究多立足于结构主义视角,借用“国家与社会”理论框架阐释社会组织与政府之间的互动博弈关系,但却难以深究社会组织行动策略的特征以及内部运作机制。因此,研究以X市A民间环保组织为例,基于“政治势能-资源”分析框架,尝试解读民间环保组织参与环境治理的行动策略。研究发现,民间环保组织在参与生态环境治理过程中有四种行动策略:一是合法的“越级监督”,借助环保督察之便,实现跨层级信访;二是“调研式”自我赋能,以调研为手段,达成增能的目标;三是“媒体身份”获取,整合新旧媒体资源,强化“地位授予”;四是“自发性”关系嵌入,激发能动意识,打造逆向的嵌入式发展模式。对民间环保组织参与生态环境治理策略的深入探讨,为实现多元共治的现代环境治理体系提供了一份实践指南,有助于形成全社会共同推进生态环境治理的良好格局。

As important participants and practitioners of social governance in China,social organizations have increasingly become an indispensable force in the modern grassroots social governance system.Traditional research is mostly based on the structuralist perspective,borrowing the theoretical framework of“state and society”to explain the interactive game relationship between social organizations and the government,but it is difficult to deeply investigate the characteristics of social organizations’action strategies and their internal operation mechanisms.Taking the example of one environmental protection organization in X city,this paper tries to propose an analytical framework from the perspective of“political potential energy and resources”to interpret the action strategies of the environmental protection organization.The study finds that there are four kinds of action strategies in the process of participation in environmental governance by environmental organizations:first,legal“transgressive supervision”,which takes advantage of environmental protection inspections to realize cross-level environmental letters and petitions;second,“research-type”self-empowerment,which takes research as a means to achieve the goal of empowerment;the third is the acquisition of“media identity”,integrating old and new media resources to strengthen the“conferring status”;the fourth is the embedding of“spontaneous”relationships to stimulate the sense of mobility and create a reverse embedded development model.The fourth is“spontaneous”relationship embedding,which stimulates the sense of mobility and creates a reverse embedded development mode.The in-depth discussion on the strategy of civil environmental organizations’participation in environmental governance provides a practical guide for the realization of a modern environmental governance system of pluralistic co-management,and helps to form a good pattern for the whole society to jointly promote ecological and environmental governance.