饮食零售业选址的空间关联及影响因素——以上海市咖啡厅和茶艺馆为例

Spatial Correlation and Influencing Factors of the Food Retail Industry SiteSelection:Take Cafes and Tea Houses in Shanghai as An Example

咖啡与茶的空间关联性对于理解饮食零售业的选址以及背后所反映出的中西方饮食文化差异的内涵有着至关重要的作用。文章利用核密度、空间自相关、协同区位商方法,对2018年上海市咖啡厅和茶艺馆的空间关联强度和空间分布格局进行分析。研究表明:①咖啡厅和茶艺馆空间自相关强度较高,咖啡厅和茶艺馆的空间位置布局受同类要素吸引。②实证表明,不同带宽条件下,咖啡厅和茶艺馆的全局协同区位商值始终小于1,说明咖啡厅和茶艺馆的空间关联强度较弱,两者之间相对独立分布。③咖啡厅和茶艺馆的空间分布受周边竞争因素影响较大,与休闲饮品店全局协同区位商值较高,存在极强的空间关联;受超市和商业综合体的影响较大,全局协同区位商值接近1,存在潜在的空间关联。

The spatial correlation between cafes and tea houses plays a vital role in understanding the location of the food retail industry and the connotation of the differences in Chinese and Western food culture.The article uses the methods of the kernel density,the spatial autocorrelation,and the collaborative location quotient to analyze the spatial correlation intensity and spatial distribution pattern of Shanghai cafes and tea houses in 2018.The results show that:1)It has strong spatial correlation between cafes and tea houses,the spatial layout of cafes and tea houses is attracted by similar factors.2)Under different bandwidth conditions,the global collaborative location quotient value has always been less than 1,indicating that the spatial correlation between cafes and tea houses is relatively weak,and the two are relatively independent.3)The spatial distribution of cafes and tea houses is greatly affected by the surrounding competition factors.Cafes and tea houses have high values of the global collaborative location quotient with leisure beverage stores,which indicates that it has a strong spatial correlation.Due to the influence of supermarkets and commercial complexes,the global collaborative location quotient value is close to 1,there is a potential spatial correlation.