毛发分析前沿——头发微样技术研究进展

Frontier in Hair Analysis:Research Advances in Hair Microsampling Technology

毛发分析在司法鉴定实践中具有重要的证据作用和应用价值。然而传统的头发分段分析对于摄毒时间和摄毒模式的评估仍存在较大的误差,由此以单根头发或单根头发毫米或亚毫米分段的头发微样技术得以提出、开发和研究,并以其独特的方法策略和信息特点较为精准地表征单根头发中外源性物质的分布情况和浓度高峰位置。通过主题搜索对国际上涉及头发微样技术的相关研究报道进行综述,包括头发微分段分析的方法学研究、摄毒时间评估研究、头发中毒物分布研究、毒物进入头发机制研究、毛根中毒物动力学研究等,并对头发微样技术的局限性和应用前景作出评述。

Hair analysis plays an important role in forensic practice.However,errors still exist in the estimation of drug ingestion time by traditional segmental hair analysis.Therefore,micro-segmental hair analysis based on a single hair or millimeter or sub-millimeter segments of a single hair was proposed,developed and studied,and the distribution and concentration peak of exogenous substances in a single hair can be accurately characterized by the unique method,which has information reflection characteristics.This paper summarizes international research reports on micro-segmental hair analysis through subject search,including the methodology of micro-segmental hair analysis,the evaluation of poison/drug ingestion time,the distribution of poison in hair,the enter mechanism of drugs in hair and the toxicokinetics in hair roots.The limitations and future application of micro-segmental hair analysis were also discussed.