黄土丘陵沟壑区井工煤矿汛期水害应急对策研究

Research on emergency measures for underground coal mines in loess hilly and gully area in response to flood season water hazards

陕北矿区大多数为浅埋煤层群开采,煤炭开采后地表裂隙发育,塌陷区也分布显著,是汛期煤矿水害发生的主要影响因素之一,以国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司榆家梁煤矿为研究背景,采用现场实测、统计分析等方法,通过分析黄土丘陵沟壑区地质地貌特征、降水对地下水的影响以及汛期水害致因因素等,提出了防治思路和对策。研究表明,矿区汛期降雨是水害发生的主要原因之一,主要表现为对地表河流补给、对老空水和烧变岩水的补给引发山洪暴发,在局部低洼区域形成积水,依据水害诱因提出了建立灾害性天气预警机制,开展隐蔽致灾因素排查的治理与预防工作思路,为类似开采条件的煤矿防汛工作提供参考。

Most of the mining areas in northern Shaanxi are shallow coal seam mining.After coal mining,surface cracks develop and collapse areas are also significantly distributed,which is one of the main influencing factors for the occurrence of coal mine water hazards during the flood season.Taking Yujialiang Coal Mine of China Energy Shendong Coal Group Co.,Ltd.as the research background,on-site measurement,statistical analysis and other methods were used to analyze the geological and geomorphic characteristics of the loess hilly and gully area,the impact of precipitation on groundwater,and the causes of flood season water hazards,and on the basis,prevention and control ideas and countermeasures were proposed.The research has shown that rainfall during the flood season in mining areas is one of the main causes of water hazards,mainly manifested in the recharge of surface rivers,the recharge of old goaf water and burnt rock water,and the formation of flash floods,leading to the formation of waterlogging in local low-lying areas.Based on the causes of water hazards,a disaster weather warning mechanism has been proposed to establish,and the management and prevention work ideas for hidden disaster factors investigation have been carried out,providing reference for flood prevention work in coal mines with similar mining conditions.