基于形态标记的新育成辣椒品种特性分析

Characterization of New Capsicum spp.Varieties Based on Morphological Markers

基于农业行业标准《植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性测试指南辣椒》(辣椒DUS测试指南),利用47个基本性状作为形态学标记对457份近十年新育成辣椒品种进行数量性状分析、性状间相关性分析、品种聚类分析及多年栽培的稳定性分析等,综合分析目前我国新育成辣椒栽培品种特性及遗传多样性。利用11个数量性状进行分析发现供试品种呈现较好的多态性分布,品种间变异系数在23%~93%之间,而品种内平均变异系数均小于20%,说明供试品种内表达较为一致且品种间表达状态丰富,性状相关性分析发现数量性状中有4组之间显著相关;品种聚类分析在遗传相似系数0.52处可将457份种质资源划分成10大类,大部分品种集中在3个大类;通过两年栽培试验分析品种年度间稳定性和性状年度间稳定性,结果显示品种年度间表现较为稳定,平均相关系数为88.0%,年度间相关性中个体测量性状稳定于群体目测性状,群体测量性状年度间稳定性最低。本研究通过对457份新育成辣椒品种的形态学数据进行多层次综合分析,以此研究辣椒种质资源的遗传多样性,同时通过稳定性分析,进一步分析目前我国新育成辣椒栽培品种特性,为辣椒品种资源做出客观、严谨的评价,为辣椒品种选育提供基础。

According to the national guidelines of the"Conduct of tests for the distinctness,uniformity and stability of new varieties Capsicum",forty-seven morphological markers were included in characterizing of 457 new pepper varieties,including traits quantification,traits correlation analysis,cluster analysis and cultivation stability analysis across years,in order to reveal the characteristics and genetic diversity of current pepper varieties in China.The evaluation of 11 quantitative traits revealed considerable polymorphisms amongst the tested varieties.The coefficient of variation between varieties ranged from 23%to 93%.However,the average coefficient of variation within a variety was below 20%.It indicated that the tested varieties have relatively consistent performance within variety while abundant variations across varieties.The traits correlation analysis showed a significant correlation among 4 groups of quantitative traits.Cluster analysis separated the 457 varieties into 10 major groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.52,and most of the varieties were assigned into three major clusters.Stability of their phenotypic performance was analyzed based on two-year cultivation experiments.The results showed that the performance of the varieties was relatively stable across two years,and the average correlation coefficient was 88.0%.The stability of single measurement traits was higher than that of group visual traits,and the group measurement traits has the lowest stability across years.This study provides the basis for the objective and rigorous evaluation of pepper varieties and valuable references for the pepper breeding in the future.