分子标记辅助选育抗赤霉病小麦新品系

Molecular Marker-assisted Selection of Wheat Lines with Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight

赤霉病严重影响小麦的产量和品质,利用抗病基因改良品种的赤霉病抗性是防治赤霉病危害的有效途径。为创制适用于黄淮麦区抗赤霉病小麦新品系,提高半冬性品种抗赤霉病育种效率。本研究以携带赤霉病抗性主效基因Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4和Fhb5的高秆抗赤霉病品系L06486为供体,与黄淮麦区丰产、广适但高感品种济麦24进行杂交,得到的杂种再与矮秆种质206A杂交,于F3至F6连续进行大规模育种田弥雾接种鉴定。通过田间选择,在F7获得106个新品系。采用单花滴注法对106份品系进行抗性评价,同时利用7个与抗赤霉病主效基因Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4和Fhb5紧密连锁的分子标记进行基因型分析。结果表明,与亲本济麦24相比,F7品系的赤霉病抗性明显提高。106份新品系中,有98份赤霉病抗性水平达中感以上;有105份携带1~4个抗病基因。Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4和Fhb5的检出频率分别为96.23%、41.51%、18.87%和87.74%。携有单个或多个抗性基因的小麦品系较不携带抗性基因的品系表现出更强的赤霉病抗性,聚合抗病基因越多,品系的赤霉病抗性越强。创制的14份携有Fhb1基因组合、中抗赤霉病且农艺性状优良的小麦新品系将为黄淮麦区小麦赤霉病抗性的改良提供帮助。

Fusarium head blight(FHB)is a devastating disease of wheat,which seriously reduces grain yield and quality.It is an effective way to prevent the damage of FHB by introducing resistant genes into wheat varieties.In this study,the wheat line L06486 that carries the FHB resistance genes Fhbl,Fhb2,Fhb4 and Fhb5,was used as the donor and crossed with the variety Jimai 24,which was high-yield and widely adaptive across the Huanghuai area of wheat planting,but highly susceptible to FHB.Then the acquired plants were crossed with the dwarf wheat line 206A.A large spray facility was used to carry out the fog-way inoculation of spore-fluid through scab on the ears of wheat,across F,to F。multiple generations and populations.The resistance of the selected F,stable lines was validated by floret-inoculation and their resistant genes composition was identified with specific markers for Fhbl,Fhb2,Fhb4 and Fhb5.It showed that 106 F,lines had improved resistance to FHB in comparing with the recipient parent Jimai 24.Out of these 106 lines,98 lines showed a range of moderate susceptible to high resistance,and 105 lines carried 1 to 4 FHB resistance genes each.The frequencies of Fhb1,Fhb2,Fhb4 and Fhb5 presence were 96.23%,41.51%,18.87%and 87.74%,respectively.Lines with single or multiple Fhb genes showed higher resistance to FHB than those with none of Fhb gene;the more Fhb genes it carried,the higher resistance to FHB.Altogether,these selected lines will be valuable in improving the FHB resistance in Huanghuai wheat planting region in the future.