超高压辅助胶束法提取落叶松中二氢槲皮素的工艺优化

Optimization of Ultrahigh Pressure Assisted Micellar Extraction of Taxifolin from Larch

为简化二氢槲皮素提取工艺,降低能耗与成本,提高提取效率,促进二氢槲皮素的综合应用,本研究采用黑龙江省的兴安落叶松为原料,运用超高压辅助胶束提取技术提取落叶松中二氢槲皮素,测定落叶松树根、树干等不同部位的二氢槲皮素总含量。以此总含量为基础,对提取胶束进行筛选,采用响应面试验对提取工艺进行优化,考察了料液比、提取压力、提取次数及胶束浓度4种不同因素对二氢槲皮素提取率的影响,并与微波提取、超声提取、回流提取等不同提取工艺进行能耗与CO_(2)排放比较。结果表明,最终确定提取胶束为茶皂素,最佳提取工艺条件为:茶皂素浓度8%,料液比1:11.5,提取压力157 MPa,提取次数3次,保压时间5min,在此最佳条件下重复进行3次实验,二氢槲皮素实际提取率可达84.35%±1.20%,与预测值84.98%基本一致。与其他提取方法相比超高压辅助胶束提取率最高,单位原料的能耗和CO_(2)排放量均为最低,分别为1.71×10^(-4)kW·h·g^(-1),1.34×10^(-4)kg/g。综上,利用超高压辅助胶束绿色溶剂提取技术提取落叶松中二氢槲皮素,绿色环保、操作简单、工艺合理可靠,并且重复性高,可广泛应用。

In this study,in order to simplify the extraction process of taxifolin,cut costs and energy sources,improve extraction efficiency,and promote comprehensive application of taxifolin.Taxifolin was extracted from the trunk of Larix gemlini by ultra-high pressure assisted micellar green solvent extraction technology,using Larix gemlini of Heilongjiang Province as raw material.Based on the total content of taxifolin in different parts of larch root and trunk,tea saponin was selected as the most appropriate surfactant from candidate surfactants.The extraction process was optimized by response surface experiment,investigating effects of solid-liquid ratio,extraction pressure,extraction times and micellar concentration on the extraction rate of taxifolin.Results showed that,the optimal extraction process conditions were selected as follows:The tea saponin concentration was 8%,the solid-liquid ratio was 1:11.5,the extraction pressure was 157 MPa,the extraction times were 3 times,the holding time was 5 min.The experiment was repeated for 3 times under the optimum condition,and the actual extraction rate of taxifolin was 84.35%±1.2%,which was basically consistent with the predicted value of 84.98%.Compared with different extraction processes such as microwave extraction,ultrasonic extraction and reflux extraction,the energy consumption and CO_(2)emission per unit of raw material of ultra-high pressure assisted micelle extraction were the lowest,which was 1.64×10^(−4) kW·h·g^(−1) and 1.29×10^(−4) kg/g respectively.To summarize,the extraction of taxifolin from larch by ultra-high pressure assisted micellar green solvent extraction technology could be used widely which was environmentally friendly,simple,stable,reasonable and reliable.