上海市长宁区成人疫苗接种特征及成人预防接种门诊服务能力综合评价

Status Quo of Adult Vaccination and Comprehensive Evaluation of Adult Vaccination,Service Capacity in Changning District of Shanghai

目的:了解上海市长宁区社区卫生服务中心成人疫苗接种情况,综合评价社区卫生服务中心成人预防接种门诊服务能力。方法:通过上海市预防接种信息系统收集长宁区社区卫生服务中心2016—2021年成人疫苗接种剂次数,对数据进行描述流行病学分析。应用熵权TOPSIS法和秩和比法计算长宁区2021年10家社区卫生服务中心成人预防接种门诊服务能力综合评价指标Ci值,并进行分档排序。结果:2016—2021年长宁区社区卫生服务中心预防接种门诊成人疫苗接种剂次数占比呈逐年上升趋势,9—12月份是成人疫苗接种的高峰月份,18~59岁居民和≥60岁居民流感疫苗接种剂次数年均增幅达到108.49%和63.75%。研究纳入的10项成人接种门诊服务能力评价指标分别为门诊开放天数、门诊面积、冷链容积、非流感疫苗接种季节登记台个数、接种台个数、工作人员数、流感疫苗接种季节登记台个数、接种台个数、工作人员数和成人疫苗人均接种剂次数。熵权TOPSIS法评价结果显示,各接种门诊Ci值在0.1315~0.9287之间。秩和比法评价结果显示,Ci值与其对应概率的Probit线性回归方程为Ci=-0.796+0.229?Probit(F=53.517,P<0.01),服务能力处于好、中、差的接种门诊数分别为2个、7个和1个。结论:长宁区社区卫生服务中心接种门诊成人疫苗接种剂次数增长迅速,但成人接种门诊服务能力普遍不高,需针对薄弱环节加强接种门诊服务能力建设,探索有效的成人预防接种门诊建设方法,以满足居民的预防接种需求。

OBJECTIVE To analyse adult vaccination utilization and evaluate adult vaccination service capacity in Community Healthcare Centers in Changning.METHODS It obtained vaccination data in Changning Community Healthcare Centers reported to the Shanghai Immunization Information System from 2016 to 2021 and conducted descriptive epidemiological analyses.It calculated the indicator to 10 Community Healthcare Centers in 2021 for a comprehensive evaluation of adult vaccination service capacity.It ranked C_(i) using TOPSIS and RSR methods.RESULTS From 2016 to 2021,the proportion of adult vaccination doses in Changning Community Healthcare Centers showed an upward trend significantly.September to December was the peak of adult vaccination.The average annual change of influenza vaccinations reached 108.49% and 63.75% in persons aged 18-59 years old and≥60 years old,respectively.Ten evaluation indicators for adult vaccination service capacity were included yearly time of vaccination services,area of vaccination clinics,volume of refrigerators,number of registration stations,vaccination stations and vaccination staff in non-influenza vaccination season,number of registration stations,vaccination stations and vaccination staff in influenza vaccination season,adult vaccination doses.TOPSIS method showed that the vaccination clinic C_(i) values ranged from 0.131 5 to 0.928 7.The RSR method showed that a linear regression equation of C_(i) and its corresponding probability probit was C_i=-0.796+0.229×Probit(F=53.517,P<0.01).2,7 and 1 vaccination clinics were identified as good,medium,and poor in service capacity.CONCLUSION The adult vaccination doses increased over the years in Community Healthcare Centers in Changning.The adult vaccination service capacity of vaccination clinics in Changning Community Healthcare Centers was medium in general.It should improve the vaccination service capacity by focusing on identified weakness and explore effective methods for the construction of adult vaccination clinics to meet the requirements of the public for vaccination.