2014—2022年安吉县居民恶性肿瘤死亡特征及寿命损失时间趋势分析

The Characteristics of Malignant Tumor Death and The Trend of Life Lost Time in Anji County from 2014 to 2022

目的:分析2014—2022年安吉县居民恶性肿瘤死亡水平及减寿情况,为制定恶性肿瘤防控策略提供依据。方法:按照国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)进行编码,计算粗死亡率、标化死亡率、年度变化百分比(APC)、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)和潜在减寿率(PYLLR)等指标;运用线性回归模型分析安吉县居民恶性肿瘤死亡特征及变化趋势。结果:2014—2022年安吉县累计报告恶性肿瘤死亡居民8215例,年均粗死亡率为194.29/10万,年均标化死亡率为242.49/10万。其中,男性死亡5453例,粗死亡率为259.17/10万,标化死亡率为340.12/10万;女性死亡2762例,粗死亡率为130.03/10万,标化死亡率为154.04/10万。恶性肿瘤前5位死因依次为肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、胰癌和直肠癌,共占恶性肿瘤死亡例数的66.16%。2014—2022年安吉县≥65岁和45~64岁居民恶性肿瘤死亡率较高,居民恶性肿瘤PYLL为56725人年,PYLLR为13.42‰,AYLL为6.91年/人。结论:恶性肿瘤已成为安吉县居民的主要致死疾病之一,≥45岁人群为重点防控对象,应采取针对性的防治措施,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗,降低恶性肿瘤的死亡率。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the mortality level and life loss of residents from malignant tumors in Anji County from 2014 to 2022,and to provide evidence for the development of prevention and control strategies for malignant tumors.METHODS Accord⁃ing to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10),the crude mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,percentage of annu⁃al change(APC),potential years of life lost(PYLL),average years of life lost(AYLL)and potential years of life lost(PYLLR)were calculated by SPSS 24.0 and Excel 2010.Joinpoint 4.9.1.0 linear regression model was applied to analyze the characteristics and trends of malignant tumor death in Anji County.RESULTS From 2014 to 2022,a total of 8215 cases of malignant tumor deaths were reported in Anji County,Huzhou.The average annual crude mortality rate was 194.29/105,and the average annual standard mor⁃tality rate was 242.49/105.There were 5453 male deaths,the crude mortality rate was 259.17/105 and the standard mortality rate was 340.12/105.There were 2762 female deaths,with a crude death rate of 130.03/105 and a standardized death rate of 154.04/105.Both crude and standardized mortality rates were higher for males than for females.The top 5 causes of death of malignant tumors were lung cancer,liver cancer,stomach cancer,pancreas cancer and rectal cancer,accounting for 66.16%of the death composition of malignant tumors.From 2014 to 2022,the mortality rate of malignant tumors in residents aged≥65 years and 45 to 64 years in Anji County was high,and both showed a decreasing trend.From 2014 to 2022,the PYLL,PYLLR and AYLL of malignant tumors in Anji County of Huzhou City were 56725 person-years,13.42‰and 6.91 years.CONCLUSION Malignant tumor has become one of the main lethal diseases in Anji county.The population over 45 years old is the key target of prevention and control.Targeted pre⁃vention and control measures should be taken to achieve early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment to reduce the mortality of malignant tumor.