上海市金山区0~3岁低出生体重儿体格发育纵向研究

Longitudinal Study on Physical Development of Low Birth Weight Infants Aged O-3 in Jinshan District of Shanghai

目的:了解上海市金山区0~3岁低出生体重儿体格发育状况,为其生长发育监测及科学喂养提供依据。方法:选取2016年1月—2017年3月出生,定期在金山区妇幼保健所儿童保健门诊接受系统管理的低出生体重儿69例作为干预组,随机抽取金山区同期正常出生体重儿69例作为对照组,干预组儿童在常规指导的基础上给予发育筛查、营养指导、早期教育等综合干预。结果:干预组男童体重、身长分别在出生后6个月、12个月左右逐渐追上对照组;女童体重在出生后0~36月内始终落后于对照组,身长在36月左右完成追赶。干预组和对照组组男童、女童各阶段的月均体重增长速率、月均身长增长速率均随着年龄增长逐渐降低,干预组男童、女童的月均体重增长速率在0~6月、0~9月明显高于对照组,干预组男童、女童的月均身长增长速率在2~6月均高于对照组。结论:低出生体重儿在0~3岁期间存在追赶性生长,营养指导、抚触训练、早期教育等综合干预可促进低出生体重儿健康成长。

OBJECTIVE To understand the physical development status of low birth weight infants(LBWI)aged 0~3 in Jinshan District,Shanghai,and provide evidence for growth and development monitoring and scientific nutrition.METHODS 69 LBWI who were born from January 2016 to March 2017 and regularly received systemic management in the Jinshan District Maternal and Child Health Care Center were selected as the intervention group.69 normal birth weight infants(NBWI)were randomly selected as the control group.The intervention group was given comprehensive intervention including physical screening,nutrition guidance and early education based on routine guidance.RESULTS The weight and height of the boys in the LBWI group gradually caught up with the NBWI group at around 6 and 12 months after birth,respectively.The weight of the girls in the LBWI group was always behind the NBWI group at 0~36 months,and the height was caught up at around 36 months after birth.The monthly weight gain rate and monthly height gain rate for boys and girls in the LBWI and NBWI groups gradually decreased with age.The monthly weight gain rate for boys and girls in the LBWI group was significantly higher than that in the NBWI group at 0~6 months and 0~9 months.CONCLUSION LBWI experiences catch-up growth during the 0~3 year period.Comprehensive interventions such as nutritional guidance,tactile training,and early education can promote healthy growth.