铁路安全风险信息分类标准化

Standardization of Railway Safety Risk Information Classification

铁路安全风险信息分类标准化是实现依托安全大数据信息科学研判和管控安全风险的基础。以MECE分类分析法为指导,提出铁路安全风险信息分类总体思路;将风险事件确定为风险信息最关键的引导项,从风险定义出发研究铁路安全风险事件的规范化描述方法;基于领结模型分析,研究铁路安全风险事件的信息颗粒度描述方法和事件链模型;基于铁路安全风险管理过程,分析给出风险信息标准化项点;结合铁路行业安全风险信息有关的标准、规章,研究标准化项点的规范化和结构化。结果表明,基于风险定义、安全风险管理过程和领结模型进行风险信息分类,能够确保形成稳定、科学合理的分类体系;风险事件的规范化描述适用于以风险点、风险行为、风险偏差为特征的面分类法;风险事件的颗粒度描述可采用铁路局集团公司、专业、站段、车间共4级的线分类法;基于铁路安全风险管理过程,可清晰地梳理出信息标准化项点;标准化项点的规范化和结构化主要通过术语内涵、数据格式、典库实现。

The standardization of railway safety risk information classification is the basis for scientific research,judgment and control of safety risks based on safety big data information.Under the guidance of MECE classification analysis method,this paper puts forward the general idea of railway safety risk information classification,takes risk events as the most critical guides of risk information and studies standardized description method of railway safety risk events from the risk definition.Based on bow tie model analysis,it studies the information granularity description method and event chain model of railway safety risk events.Based on the process of railway safety risk management,it analyzes and gives standardized items of risk information.In combination with the standards and regulations related to safety risk information in railway industry,it studies the standardization and structure of standardized items.The results show that the classification of risk information based on risk definition,safety risk management process and tie model can ensure the establishment of a stable,scientific and reasonable classification system.The standardized description of risk events is suitable for method of area classification characterized by risk point,risk behavior and risk deviation.The granularity description of risk events can adopt the method of line classification of CR regional groups,professional fields,station sections and workshops.Based on the railway safety risk management process,the information standardized items can be clearly sorted out;the standardization and structure of standardized items are mainly realized through terminology connotation,data format and dictionary.