西方情感劳动理论研究30年:概念、布展与趋势

Thirty Years of Research on Western Emotional Labor Theory:The Concept,Development and Trend

基于美国社会变化与既有理论,霍克希尔德提出了“情感劳动”。围绕这一概念,考察其提出背景与内涵界定,述评30年来情感劳动在西方人文社科研究中的布展,对于深化理论内涵、扩展学科边际、剖析晚近西方的社会问题具有重要意义。现有研究鲜有触及资本主义的内核,这囿于资本主义制度框架,亦为中国学界敞开了深耕的空间。从情感劳动概念及其后续研究析出的意义,对于我们理解情感生成、廓清当代劳动异化方式、建设中国的情感社会学等具有重要启示。

Based on the changes in American society and existing theories,A.R.Hochschild proposed“emotional labor”.Focusing on this concept,this article first explores the background and connotation of the proposed definition.Secondly,it reviews the deployment of emotional labor in Western humanities and social science research in the past 30 years,and believes that these studies start from four major aspects:occupation,organization,gender,and ethnicity.While deepening the theoretical connotation and expanding the disciplinary margins,it analyzes the social problems of the West in recent times.However,reflecting on these studies,we can find that they seldom touch the core of capitalism,which is confined to the framework of the capitalist system,and it also opens up room for deep cultivation of Chinese academic circles.The meaning extracted from the concept of emotional labor and its follow-up research has important implications for our understanding of emotional production,contemporary labor alienation,and the construction of Chinese emotional sociology.