服务机器人与女性就业

Service Robot and Female Employment

扫地机器人、陪护机器人、送餐机器人等服务机器人的兴起与女性就业息息相关。利用服务机器人创新数据和中国家庭收入调查(CHIP)数据,以国家级科技企业孵化器为工具变量,运用二元Probit模型、双变量Probit模型、Heckman二阶段模型研究服务机器人创新对女性就业的影响。研究表明,服务机器人创新有利于女性就业。进一步,从影响女性劳动供给的因素角度,服务机器人创新对家务劳动具有替代效应,对子女照料具有互补效应,对子女教育则无直接影响。

The rise of service robots,such as sweeping robots,escort robots and food delivery robots,is closely related to female employment.This paper firstly applied the data of service robot innovation and the data from Chinese Household Income Project(CHIP),and took national-level tech business incubators as instrumental variables.Then the paper utilized the binary Probit model,the bivariate Probit model,and the Heckman's two-stage model to study the impact of service robot innovation on female employment.The study showed that service robot innovation favored female employment.Furthermore,in terms of the factors affecting female labor supply,service robot innovation had a substitution effect on housework and a complementary effect on child care.However,service robot innovation didn't have a direct effect on child education.